pro social behaviour

Question 1

bystander behaviour?

Answer 1

actions people take or don’t take when they witness an emergencey situation

Question 2

social factors?

Answer 2

environmental factors - more or less likely to help

Question 3

presence of others - social factor?

Answer 3

more people who witness an emergencey less likely they are to help - diffusion of responsibility - people feel less responsible because everyone is doing the same

Question 4

cost of helping - social factor?

Answer 4

risk - put yourself in danger - waste of time - embarrassment - not helping also has a cost - guilt - criticism - rewards - consideration of costs and rewards

Question 5

dispositional factors?

Answer 5

aspects of personality that make them more or less likely

Question 6

similarity to victim - dispositional factor?

Answer 6

more characteristics you share with someone more likely you are to give them help - age - identifying with them increase of empathy

Question 7

expertise - dispositional factor?

Answer 7

specialist knowledge so you are able to help - more likely to help - training - more confident to help - more familiar

Question 8

pilivian’s subway study?

Answer 8

field study - ecological validity - real world

Question 9

aim?

Answer 9

investigate factors like victims appearance on helping behaviour of bystanders in a natural setting

Question 10

method?

Answer 10

new York city subway - actor would pretend to collapse in carriage - some of trials actor had alcohol and pretended to be drunk - other trials carried walking stick to indicate disability - researchers observed on carriage - how long it took for people to help actor

Question 11

results?

Answer 11

The walking stick disabled condition actor was helped within 70 secs 90 percent of time
drunk condition only had help within 70 seconds 50 percent of the time

Question 12

conclusion?

Answer 12

characteristics such as appearance - effect likelihood of them receiving help and time it takes to receive help - bystanders considering cost of helping

Question 13

evaluation?

Answer 13

field experiment - no control of extraneous variables - not possible to randomise participants between conditions or make sure aspects of the study were consistent. influenced helping behaviour - dependent variable

natural behaviour - unaware as part of experiment - realism

ethically problematic - informed consent - did not give consent - was not possible to debrief and tell them they were part of a study - emotional harm as they did not help the actor, not know it was a study