PRNC 03 Flashcards
In relation to intubation, what would be indicative of a too small of an ETT tube
decreased minute ventilation, increased resistance and WOB
What happens if you place too large of an ETT tube in an infant?
can cause laryngeal and mucosal damage which will be evident post-extubation
What can you do in order to prevent tracheal stenosis
Use ETT with cuffs
What are some complications that with intubation?
Palatal grooving and incisal enamel hypoplasia
What is one of the most important aspects in the care for a neonate
Thermoregulation
What is the term for describing how the infant regulates temperature when they get cold?
Non-shivering thermogenesis
Internal Thermal Gradient
This is the temperature difference between the environment and the skin
What are the four main environmental factors effecting thermal regulation
radiation
conduction
convection
evaporation
heating the bed, turning on the warmer, and hat help combat which of the 4 environmental factors
Radiation
how do you prevent conduction?
preheating the bed and everything else you use on the baby (stethescope, wipes, ect.)
How to prevent convection heat loss
Dont want air/breeze passing over the baby, place in isolet
At what point does cold stress begin to occur?
<36
What are the four behavioral cues that a baby is over stimulated
Facial grimacing, gaze aversion, hiccups, and irritability
What are the physiologic cues that a baby is overstimulated
Cyanosis and hypoxemia
Three things to keep in mind regarding the infant’s fragile skin
Use mild soap/cotton balls for cleaning
Coban or velcro use
Use citrus oils to help remove adhesives
Why is increased WBC count not a reliable result to diagnose infection/sepsis
WBC are increased in infants as is
**Instead assess for a presence of the C-Reactive Protein
What is the number one serious complication with hyperbilirubinemia?
Kernicterus aka bilirubing encephalopathy (braing damage)
Normal glucose levels
50-110
at what point is it classified as hypoglycemia
<50 mg/dl
**Detrimental to brain development
What is the usual treatment for hypoglycemia
D5W 10% infusion
Also want to get them oral feedings as soon as possible
When would it be appropriate to place an LMA?
If you are unable to intubate or ventilate
What are the sizes of LMAs you would use
sizes 1-2
**Use size 1 for PRETERM up to 5kg
ratio of breaths to compression
30:90 a min
What are two main limitations to LMA
they will have a leak because they cannot handle high pressures, also should not be used on a preterm baby
