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Pediactric and Neonatal Respiratory Care > PNRC04 > Flashcards

PNRC04 Flashcards

1
Q

Synonym for ground glass appearance

A

Reticulogranulonar

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2
Q

Main difference between RDS and TTN (transient tachypnea of newborn)

A

TTN is only going to last for a few days and will only require O2 for treatment
*Remember RDS will require surfactant replacement

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3
Q

Most commonly occurs in elective C-sections and is primarily caused by delayed reabsorption of the fetal lung fluid

A

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

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4
Q

interchangeable with CLD

A

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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5
Q

Umbrella term for O2 dependant infants and gets classified by severity

A

BPD

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6
Q

What are the three criteria to determine severity of BDP?

A

gestational age, age, and O2 needs

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7
Q

Which baby will almost always be seen with O2?

A

BDP

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8
Q

If RDS isn’t treated quickly/appropriately, what is the serious illness it can cause?

A

BPD Bronchopulmonarydysplasia

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9
Q

Main treatment is resuscitation efforts

A

Pulmonary Hemorrhage

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10
Q

Reticulograndular densities

A

Found in RDS

**Also referred to as ground glass

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11
Q

Primary cause of RDS

A

Decreased surfactant production

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12
Q

who is at greatest risk for Neonatal Pnuemonia?

A

Premature and low body weight infants

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13
Q

Two main causes of neo pnuemonia and who is likely to have these infections

A

Group B strep in term/near term

E. Coli in LBW

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14
Q

Increased respiratory distress AEB grunting

A

Primary s/s associated with Meconium aspiration syndrome

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15
Q

MAS will most likely occur in ……

A

term to post-term

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16
Q

Persistent pulmonary HTN can be a result of what dz if not treated correctly

A

MAS meconium aspiration syndrome

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17
Q

Only infants that will ALWAYS have a PaO2 goal of 80-100

A

PPHN

**SpO2 goal is >95%

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18
Q

Which dz need a PDA

A

hypoplastic left heart syndrome
tetrology of Fallot
coarction of aorta

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19
Q

Which dz is caused by narrowing or the aorta

A

Coarction of the aorta

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20
Q

Correct placement of an ETT on infant

A

between the clavicles and carina, below thoracic inlet

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21
Q

What is an air bronchogram

A

dilated bronchi surrounded by consolidation

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22
Q

Primary finding on x ray for PIE

A

pulmonary interstitial emphysema….on x ray looks SPONGE LIKE

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23
Q

A pnuemothorax will appear how on an x ray?

A

transillumination will show a bright light on x ray (hyperluecency)
**will also have deep sulcus

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24
Q

PaO2 goals for term and preterm

A

term 60-80

preterm 50-80

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25
Q

How do you treat the flip flop phenomenon

A

This is when a slight drop of FiO2 results in a much larger drop in PaO2.
***With these patients you need to wean the FiO2 extremely carefully and slowly

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26
Q

When weaning a patient with flip flop, is it time consuming?

A

YES….because you need to STAY IN THE ROOM when weaning them to monitor very closely

27
Q

DOC for apnea of prematurity

A

Caffeine

28
Q

crying in choanal atresia

A

This is okay and doesn’t mean the infant is in distress. Remember that infants are obligatory nose breathers and this is blocked in this dz

29
Q

If you can’t pass an 8Fr suction catheter, what should you assume?

A

The infant has choanal atresia

30
Q

Digoxin is used to treat …

A

CHF

31
Q

Milrinone does what

A

Improves CO and contractility

32
Q

two diuretic drugs

A

lasix and **Bumetanide

33
Q

Drug that keeps the PDA open

A

Prostaglandin

34
Q

Drugs that close the PDA

A

O2, Neoprofen, Indocin

35
Q

Drug that treats pulmonary HTN

A

Talozine

36
Q

What type of drug is Versed

A

sedative

37
Q

Condition which the mandibular bone is under developed and what is the main problem

A

Pierre Robin

Main issue is the tongue is pushed back and likely causes obstruction

38
Q

Treatment of Pierre Robin

A

Place prone and might need an oral airway

39
Q

Three main symptoms with a TE fistula

A

Copious oral seretions, respiratory distress with feedings, continued regurgitation of feedings

40
Q

Scaphoid abdomen

A

Primary s/s of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

41
Q

Three main things to remember in treatment of CDH (Hernia)

A

Never bag-mask them, Large og/ng tube, and needs to be intubated with ETT immediately

42
Q

gastroschisis vs omphalocele

A

In omphalocele, the organs are outside the body but still in the peritoneum while gastroschisis involves usually only the intestines and is not protected by the peritoneum making infection a massive problem

43
Q

Explain the scale for IVH

A

Scale of severity. Grade 1 to grade 4

Grade 1 is least severe

44
Q

Number one hazard with transcutaneous monitoring

A

Thermal burns

45
Q

A loose probe during TC monitoring will look like what?

A

Higher PaO2 and lower CO2

***This is because there is a higher concentration of oxygen in RA and less CO2 compared to inside the body

46
Q

Two main uses of a UAC

A

umbilical artery catheter

  1. Continuous BP monitoring
  2. ABGs
47
Q

What four defects typically accompany tetrology of fallot?

A

VSD, overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy

48
Q

What treatment is always necessary for tetrology of fallot?

A

Surgery

49
Q

pulmonary veins connect to superior vena cava

A

TAPVR total anomalous pulmonary venous return

**Requires ASD to survive

50
Q

If the PDA doesn’t close, what type of circulation will follow?

A

Persistent fetal circulation

51
Q

PDA is an opening between what?

A

the pulmonary artery and the aorta

52
Q

Norwood operation

A

This is the first surgery in staged reconstruction of HLHS

53
Q

What does TC monitoring read?

A

The patient’s CO2 and O2

54
Q

Difference in upper vs lower extremity pulse strength

A

This is seen in coarction of the aorta

55
Q

On expiration where will the diaphragm be on x ray

A

6th or 7th rib on expiration

56
Q

air bronchgrams are seen in what dz

A

atelectasis

57
Q

sail sign on x ray

A

thymus gland

58
Q

What does the sponge like appearance represent in PIE on the x ray

A

this is from the air leaking from a lung puncture and migrating throughout the lung

59
Q

three main causes of atelectasis

A

airway obstruction
compression
sedation (breathing at low lung volumes)

60
Q

reopening of fetal shunting most commonly causes what

A

the flip flop phenomenon

61
Q

pneumonia will appear like what on x ray?

A

Patchy

62
Q

sponge-like

A

PIE

63
Q

who are the only infants that we want a PaO2 of 80-100 always?

A

PPHN

Pediactric and Neonatal Respiratory Care (9 decks)

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