Private Pilot Stage 1 Flashcards
Personal Documents Required for Flight
Valid Government Issued ID
Pilot Certificate (Never Expires)
Medical Certification
1st Class Medical
Used for ATP and lower
Under 40 - Lasts 12 Calendar Months, then reverts to 3rd Class (3rd Class Privileges last additional 48 Calendar months)
40 and Older - Lasts 6 Calendar Months, then reverts to 2nd class for 6 Calendar months, then reverts to 3rd class for remaining 12 calendar months
2nd Class Medical
Used for Commercial and lower Any age - Lasts 12 Calendar Months, then reverts to 3rd class for remaining duration for age group
3rd Class Medical
Used for all other certificates
Under 40 - Lasts for 60 Calendar Months
40 and Over - Lasts for 24 Calendar Months
Airplane Documents Required for Flight
ARROW PDC
- Airworthiness Certificate (Does not expire, valid when all maintenance requirements are met)
- Registration (Valid for 36 Calendar Months)
- Radio Station License (Only required for International Flights)
- Operating Limitations (FAA-Approved, POH, Airplane Flying Manual)
- Weight and Balance (Master weight and balance, completed by a mechanic, in POH)
- Placards (stickers and markings as required in POH)
- Data Plate (metal plate on left side of empennage including: Date of Manufacture, Model Number, Serial Number, Registration Number)
- Compass Deviation Card (accounts for errors resulting from magnetic influence of nearby equipment)
Student Pilot Privileges
- Cannot take passengers
- Cannot act as PIC without indorsement from instructor
- Must carry logbook when acting as PIC
Private Pilot Privileges
- Can take passengers
- Must pay pro rata share
- Does not need to carry logbook
Currency
-Acting as PIC -
Appropriately rated in Category (airplane) and class (single engine land)
-Flight Review within last 24 Calendar Months
Carrying Passengers -
-Day: 3 takeoffs and landings within last 90 days
-Night: 3 takeoffs and landings to a full stop, 1 hour after sunset to 1 hour before sunrise within the last 90 days.
-Logging Flight Time -
Only necessary when:
Staying current
Training in pursuit of new cert/rating
Required Inspections
AV1ATES
- Annual inspection (12 Calendar Months, very thorough; Can substitute 100hr Inspection)
- VOR (Every 30 days, IFR only)
- 100hr (Due every 100hr flight time, for hire/instruction only)
- Altimeter (Pitot-Static system, Every 24 Calendar Months, IFR only)
- Transponder (Every 24 Calendar Months)
- ELT (Every 12 Calendar Months, Battery Check: One cumulative hour/rechargeable battery is at half life)
- Service Bulletin (CRUZ only, issued by manufacturer, can be immediate action, fix by date, or recurring)
Sport Cruiser General Systems
Max gross weight: 1320lbs
Primary and Secondary Flight Controls -
Primary: Ailerons (Differential Ailerons), Elevator, Rudder
Secondary: Single-slot type wing flaps, electronically actuated, 0-12-30 Degrees
Trim - Electronically actuated elevator and aileron trim, Aileron trim tab on R aileron, Anti-servo tab on elevator
Powerplant
- Rotax 912 ULS2
- 4 Cylinders horizontally opposed
- Gear box driven propeller with a 2.43:1 reduction ratio
- Dry sump forced lubrication system
- Air Cooled
- Liquid Cooled, most effective over 3000 RPM
- Normally aspirated
- 98.6 HP at 5800 RPM for max of 5 minutes
- Dual Contactless capacitor discharge ignition
- Altitude compensating carburetors (no mixture control)
Propeller
- Sensenich
- 3 Carbon composite blades
- Ground adjustable
Oil
- Aeroshell Sport Plus 4
- Dry sump lubrication system (Oil is located in separate reservoir, forced lubrication necessary)
- Capacity (0.87 - 1 Gallon)
Fuel
- Two fuel tanks
- One engine driven (mechanical) fuel pump and one auxiliary (electric) fuel pump
- Two altitude compensating carburetors
- 30.12 Total gallons
- 29.85 Usable gallons
- 3 Fuel drain valves
- Fuel return line from engine to L tank
Hydraulic Fluid
- Red
- Used for brakes
Electrical
- 250 watt AC generator
- 20 amp 12V DC regulator
- 12V main battery
- Secondary/standby battery behind each screen
Landing Gear
- Tricycle gear
- Free castering nose wheel
- Trailing link nose wheel suspension
- Hydraulically actuated disk type brakes on each main wheel
Deice/Anti-Ice
- Carb heat
Avionics
- Dynon SkyView
- Air Data, Altitude and Heading reference system (AD-AHRS) : AD provides pitot-static information, AHRS includes accelerometer, magnetometer, and inclinometer
- Engine Monitor
- Transponder : Mode S transponder A, C and S functions
- ADS-B out&in
- Autopilot
Required Equipment Lists
- Certified under ASTM standards
- As listed in POH section 2
- Emergency Locator Transmitter(ELT) 91.207
- Anti-collision Lights if equipped, 91.209
Places to check if Inoperative Equipment is required
Determine if equipment is required, in order of hierarchy:
- Minimum Equipment List(MEL) - Specific to Airplane, Issued by FAA
- POH/Kinds of Equipment List(KOEL)
- Airworthiness Directive(AD) - Regulatory Maintenance directive issued by FAA
- Required Equipment(91.205)
Actions before operating Aircraft with INOP equipment
- Inop equipment must be removed/deactivated
- Log in maintenance records if removed/deactivated by mechanic
- Placard “inop”
- Pilot makes final decision that inop equipment still renders plane safe to fly
Preventative Maintenance
Certified Pilot (At least private) may perform preventative maintenance. (Part 43 Appendix A)
Special Flight Permit
- Issued by FSDO (Flight standard district office)
- For aircraft that does not meet airworthiness requirements, but is capable of safe flight.
- Only for purpose of flying the aircraft is to point of repairs
Spin
-Aggravated Stall where one wing is stalled more than other.
-Caused by Exceeded angle of attack and uncoordinated flight
-Recovery(PARE):
-Power Idle
-Ailerons neutral
-Rudder full opposite
-Elevator briskly forward(even if already pointing at
Earth)
Stall
When airplane exceeds critical angle of attack(can happen at any altitude or airspeed)
METAR
Meteorological Aerodrome Report
-Current/Observed Weather updated every 50 minutes past the hour
TAF
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
-Forecast valid for 24 hours, updated every 6 hours
Crosswind Limitations
- Max demonstrated crosswind: 12 Knots
- Max demonstrated headwind: 24 Knots
Airport, Runway, and Taxiway signs, Makings and Lighting
Aim section 3
Runway Incursion
-Incident where an unauthorized aircraft, vehicle, or person is on a runway or runway protected area
-Prevention:
-Have the taxi diagram out and available(Hotspots
along route)
-Read back instructions in full
-Write down instructions
-Practice sterile cockpit
-Familiarized yourself with airport layout, markings,
and signs
-Tune to tower frequency in runup area to gain
situational awareness of runway activities
Loss of Communications Procedure
-Troubleshoot!
-Check radio on
-Check volume and squelch
-Check Headset plug connection
-Check Frequency
-Request Radio Check
-Go back to previous frequency if Applicable
-While in Controlled Airspace, Squawk 7600
-Landing at a towered airport
-Stay above the traffic pattern altitude and circle
while observing the traffic flow and looking out for
other traffic
-Wait for ATC light gun signals
-Rock your wings(day) or flash landing light(night) in
acknowledgement
-Follow Instructions and land when cleared
-If Uncontrolled, land as soon as practicable
Light Gun Signals
-Steady Green: Ground- Cleared for Takeoff, Air- Cleared to land
-Flashing Green: Ground- Cleared for Taxi, Air- Return for landing
-Steady Red: Ground- STOP!, Air- Give way to other aircraft and continue circling
-Flashing Red: Ground- Taxi clear of runway in use, Air- Airport unsafe, do not land
-Flashing White: Ground- Return to starting point on airport, Air- N/A
Alternating Green/Red: USE EXTREME CAUTION
Awake Turbulence Avoidance
- Wake Turbulence(Wingtip vortices) slowly descend behind the aircraft
- On takeoff roll, rotate prior to where the aircraft ahead rotated
- On landing, stay above the flight path of the aircraft ahead and land beyond where the aircraft has touched down
Wind Shear Avoidance
Wind shear: Sudden changes in wind speed and/or direction
- Low level wind shear
- Increase the takeoff/approach speed to account for wind shear
