PRIVATE ORAL PREP Flashcards
Define a TAF
Terminal aerodrome forecast
What is ATOMATOFLAMES
Where can it be found
It is required equipment for a flight.
FAR AIM
91.205
How to access the Aircraft in the pave checklist
Ask these ? Is it the right aircraft for the flight Am I familiar with this aircraft Is the aircraft equipped for the flight Can the aircraft use the runways for this trip Can the aircraft carry the planned load
Describe what a flashing green light signal means
In the air a flashing green light signal means
Return to landing
On the ground a flashing green light signal means
Cleared for taxi
How to access the external pressures in the pave checklist
Is someone waiting for the arrival.
Fear of disappointment
A desire to impress
Desire to satisfy a personal goal
Airspace dimensions of a Class Delta
4 statute miles up to 2500’ Agl
What are some gyroscopic instruments in a plane
Attitude indicator
Heading indicator
Turn coordination indicator
What’s the phonetic alphabet
Say them fucker
Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India, Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo, Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee, Zulu
Describe what a steady green light signal means
In the air A steady green light signal means
Cleared to land
On the ground a steady green light signal means
Cleared for take off
Will the engine still run if the alternator fails
Yes. The magnetos run independently of the electrical system
When temperature and dew point are close together 5deg. What type of weather is likely.
Visible moisture in the form of clouds. Dew. Or fog
Ideal conditions for carburetor icing.
What happens when a first class medical expires
Think of it like the privileges are on a timer. You have 12 calendar months if under 40. Of 1st class privileges. When that time is up and you haven’t renewed you still have a first class medical. But you will have 3rd class privileges for another 48 calendar mo
Tell me about the engine
LHAND
Lycoming Horizontally apposed cylinders Air cooled Naturally aspirated ie. not turbo charged Direct drive
180 hp
Who issues a medical
An AME
Aviation medical examiners
Describe how the airspeed indicator works
The pitot tube connects to a diaphragm. The static port connects to the chamber and fills the area around the diaphragm with atmospheric air. That diaphragm is connected to linkages. And as the diaphragm fills with outside air (the more full the faster the airspeed) it turns the dial indicator on the outside of the gauge.
What is the tango airmet
The Tango airmet describes
Moderate turbulence
Sustained surface winds of 30knots or greater
Low level wind sheer
Think tango turbulence ,strong winds, llws
What are the 3 different types of airmets?
They are Sierra,tango,Zulu
What is the Zulu airmet
The Zulu airmet describes
Moderate icing
And provides freeZing level highs
Why do surface winds generally flow across the isobars at an angle
Surface friction
What are the 3 types of AD’s
One time
Emergency
Reoccurring
How can you access the enViroment in the P.A.V.E checklist
N.W.K.R.A.F.T
Notams Weather Known ATC delays Runway lengths Alternatives. /can it be accomplished another way Fuel Takeoff and landing distances
What causes winds aloft to flow Parallel to the isobars
The Coriolis force
What is he primary factor that determines the type and vertical extend of clouds
The stability of the atmosphere
Airspace dimensions of a Class Charlie
Pre-standard of
5 statute miles inner ring up to 4000’ agl
10 statute miles outer ring 1200’ up to 4000’ Agl
Can also be tailored
How does the altimeter work in an aircraft
Inside the chamber there is an aneroid wafer. The aneroid wafer is sealed with an internal pressure of 29.92
The wafer is attached to linkages
As the fills the remaining space in the chamber with atmospheric air the wafer compresses or expands based on the pressure giving altitude.
Describe center weather advisories.
The (cwa) is not a flight planning tool. Used for enroute and terminal enviroments
Instead it reflects current conditions expected at the time of issuance and or short range forecast
How can you tell when the alternator fails
Mbatt or Sbatt will show a discharge when the system is running.
Also the low volt annunciator should display on the pdf
What are the V- speeds of the 172
Vso-stall landing configuration-40 kias
Vs- stall clean configuration- 48 kias
Vr- Rotation speed. - 55 kias
Vx- best angle of climb. - 62 kias
Vg- best glide speed. - 68 kias
Vy- best rate of climb/time - 74 kias
Vfe- flaps extended speed. - 10@ 110 kias / 20&30 @ 80kias
Va- maneuver speed. - 90kias @1900 lbs. / 105@2550 lbs
Vno- max structural cruise. - 129 kias
Vne- never exceed speed. - 163 kias
What does F.S.D.O. stand for
Flight
Standard
District
Office
If isobars are relatively close together on a surface weather chart or a constant pressure chart what does that mean
When isobars are close together it means that a steep pressure gradient exists which indicates higher wind speeds
Shallow pressure gradient isobars spaced far apart. Means wind speeds will typically be less
What should you check for required equipment
91.213 IN OP equipment lists MEL TCSD KOEL CEL
91.205 ATOMATOFLAMES
AD’s
PIC authority/ make sure it isn’t hazardous to fly
Company policy
What is the Sierra airmet
The Sierra airmet describes
IFR conditions
and extensive mountain obscurations
Think Sierra. Can’t see
Do we have anti-icing or de-icing
We have anti-icing
Describe the electrical system
24v battery
28v system
60 amp alternator
Describe how the vertical speed indicator works
Compares Diaphragm pressure to a calibrated leak all via the static port
The diaphragm is connected to linkages and gears to the readout
Compares new pressure to old pressure
How to stop a spin
P.A.R.E
Power idle
Ailerons neutral
Rudder in opposite direction of spin
Elevator forward- to break stall
What does a pilot need to be current
3 landings in the past 90 days
Daytime can be touch and goes
Nighttime needs full stops
Tail wheel needs full stops
Also need to have had a flight review in the past 24 months
What does dew point mean
Dew point is the temperature to which a sample of air must be cooled to attain the state of saturation
Describe convective sigmets
Issued for severe weather
Severe thunderstorm winds>50knots hail>3/4” and tornadoes
Imbedded thunderstorms
A line of thunderstorms
Thunderstorms that affect 40% or more of a 3000sq/miles area
What does a solid white light signal mean
In the air
Not a signal given in the air
On the ground a solid white light signal means
Return to starting point on airport
What can a pilot do to mitigate risk by looking at the perceived hazards
The P.A.V.E. checklist
Pilot Aircraft enViroment External pressures
What type of weather can you expect in a high pressure system
High pressure systems characterized by descending air.
Which favors cloud dissipation. And good weather
What preflight action does a pilot need to take?
Where can it be found?
NWKRAFT
FAR AIM
Part 91.103
Describe a TAF
It’s a 24hr forecast
Valid for 24 hr from time of issue
Given 4 times a day
Every 6 hrs
How long do the 4 different types of in flight weather advisories last
Airmets-valid for 6 hrs. issued on scheduled intervals
Sigmets-valid for 4hrs. Unscheduled issuance
Convective sigmets- valid for 2hrs. Unscheduled issuance
Center weather advisories. Valid for 2hrs. Unscheduled???
What is a METAR
It is a current Meteorological observation
What are the characteristics of a high pressure system
High pressure - outward downward and clockwise
What is gust factor
Is additional airspeed needed and figured on gusty days for airplane control
If winds are 180@8 g18
Find the difference of 10
10/2. = 5 add 5kias to approach speed
How much travel does the nose wheel have
10deg in each direction.
What does an alternating red/green light signal mean
For in the air and on the ground it means the same thing
Exercise extreme caution
Describe the physics of a spin
In a stall one wing is more stalled than the other. This creates roll and a difference in drag causing the airplane to yaw which creates a spin
What are the 4 types of in flight weather advisories
Sigmets
Convective sigmets
Airmets
Center weather advisory
How to access the pilot in the P.A.V.E. checklist
By using I.M.S.A.F.E.
Illness Medications Stress Alcohol Fatigue Emotions
What are isobars
A line on a weather chart which connects areas of equal or constant barometric pressure
What does a flashing red light signal mean
In the air a flashing red light signal means
Airport unsafe. Do Not Land
On the ground a flashing red light signal means
Taxi clear of runway in use
Describe the flaps of our aircraft
Single slot flaps
Benefit of a lower stall speed
Describe the medicals
1st class medical. Under 40 good for 12mo
Over 40 good for 6mo
2nd class medical. Under 40 good for 12mo
Over 40 good for 12mo
3rd class medical. Under 40 good for 60mo
Over 40 good for 24mo
What are aircraft mechanics called
A & P
Airframe and Power Plant
What regulation covers IN OP equipment
FAR AIM
91.213
Describe a sigmet
Less severe weather than convective
Severe icing not associated with thunderstorms
Severe or extreme turbulence or clear air turbulence
Widespread dust or sand storms reducing surface vis below 3mi
Volcanic ash
Define rigidity in space
Rigidity in space refers to the principle that a gyroscope remains in a fixed position in the plane in which it is spinning.
Describe an airmet
Advisories of significant weather that describe condition intensities lower than a sigmet
Intended for use by all pilots in preflight and enroute phase of flight to enhance safety
They contain details about IFR. Extensive mountain obscurations. Turbulence. Strong surface winds Icing Freezing levels
Define precession
Precession is the tilting or turning of a gyro in response to a deflective force. The reaction to this force does not occur at the point at which it was applied; rather, it occurs at a point that is 90° later in the direction of rotation.
What is a T.C.D.S.
Type
Certificate
Data
Sheet
What type of weather can you expect in a low pressure system
Low pressure characterized by rising air.
Conductive to cloudiness. Precipitation. And bad weather
Describe the landing gear
Fixed tricycle style landing gear
Back 2 wheels spring cushioned
Front wheel has an air and oil shock absorber called an OLEO
What is our example of anti-icing equipment
Pitot hear
Carb heat if has carburetor
Describe some of the dangers of a thunderstorm
High winds Precipitation Lightning Hail Turbulence Wind sheer
Describe wind sheer
Sporadic wind speeds and direction.
What are the standard temperature and pressure at sea level
15 deg C and 29.92”Hg
Describe the braking system
They are hydraulically actuated Main wheel single disc brakes Controlled by master cylinders One on each rudder pedal Individually operated
Who can do a 100 hr inspection?
What about an Annual inspection?
An A & P can preform both inspections.
However. An Annual Inspection must be signed off by an A&P with Inspection Authorization
What does a steady red light signal mean
In the air a steady red light signal means
Give way and continue circling
On the ground a steady red light signal means
Stop hold position.
What are the characteristics of a Low pressure system
Low pressure- inward. Upward and counterclockwise
What are the 2 principles of gyroscopic instrument
Precession
And rigidity in space
What do you need for thunderstorm formation
Updraft or uplifting winds
Humidity
Unstable temperature laps rate ie. temperature inversion
What rate does atmospheric pressure decrease with an increase in altitude
1”Hg per 1000’
Airspace dimensions of a Class Bravo
They are tailored to airspace
