Private Dwellings /Chapter 4-Ladder Ops Flashcards
Ventilation?
The controlled and coordinated removal of heat and smoke from a structure, replacing the escaping gases with fresh air….
heat and smoke exhausting at the TOP, and air flowing in towards the fire at the BOTTOM
Search and Rescue?
immediately upon entering the room from a window, members should make a quick check/sweep of the floor in the hall OUTSIDE THE DOOR for any victims BEFORE CLOSING THE DOOR.
-once this door is closed, a more detailed search may be permitted
When the search of the room has been completed….?
the door shall be kept CLOSED, until the main body of fire has been extinguished
Balloon Frame Construction?
the 2x4 exterior wall studs are continuos and extend from the sill (located on the top of the foundation wall) to the top floor ceiling, where they are capped with a top plate.
Quick determination to whether a structure is ballon frame is…?
remove a baseboard on an EXTERIOR WALL AND CHECK FOR THE PRESENCE OF A SOLE PLATE, if none if found, treat as BALLOON CONSTRUCTION
In BALLOON CONSTRUCTION, ….
fires originating in the cellar can easily extend to that attic via the exterior wall channels created by this continuos studding, this type of concealed fire extension will commonly extend to the attic space, while bypassing intermediate floors
Platform construction..?
exterior wall studs extend only from the floor to the ceiling of each individual floor…they are capped at the ceiling level of each floor with a 2x4 called a TOP PLATE…this construction feature acts effectively as a fire stop and limits or restricts vertical extension via the exterior walls
What should be a concern to FF’s operating on upper floors..?
rapid fire spread via an OPEN STAIRWAY
Who is responsible for shutting down utilities in PDs?
2nd LADDER COMPANY
Who is responsible for roor ventilation (if needed) of PEAKED ROOF?
2ND DUE LADDER COMPANY
Flat Roof?
1st due ladder
2nd due ladder- ensure roof vent
Peaked/FLAT Roof - 1st due Ladder - inside team?
primary consideration for a fire on 1st floor or above- MAIN ENTRANCE DOOR
primary consideration for cellar fire- ENTRANCE DOOR PROVIDING QUICKEST ACCESS
1ST DUE LADDER…?
PRIMARY SEARCH OF FIRE FLOOR, if manpower permits…SEARCH CELLAR to determine if fire started here…if unable to do so, notify 2ND DUE LADDER
Members of 1st ladder outside team should initiate removal of window bars on both the front and rear of the building early in the operation, if conditions allow….
SEARCH AND RESCUE duties may preclude window bar removal
PEAKED ROOF/PORTABLE LADDER OPS…ROOF/OV 1ST DUE?
- roof ops are NOT initial consideration
- roof will team up with OV to VEIS
- survey perimeter for rescue
- perform VEIS of area on an upper floor MOST LIKELY to be occupied
Peaked Roof/portable ladder…LCC 1ST DUE
- front or side
- porch/garage provides access to an upper floor window, portable may be raised to this roof
- no porch, work from area that provides physical butt…adjoining, retaining wall
- vent fire/area room
- team up with 2nd LCC
- OBVIOUS OCCUPIED ATTIC, utilize Aerial or TL to perform VEIS of attic arear…team up with 2nd due LCC
PEAKED ROOF/AERIAL OPS…1ST DUE LADDER…..ROOF/OV TEAM
- quick survey around perimeter for rescue
- if aerial ladder op and/or rescue indicated..roof/ov will make entry
- VEIS upper floors
- vent attic window
- vent fire area
PEAKED ROOF/AERIAL LADDER OPS…LCC/1ST DUE LADDER
- position apparatus to cover 2 sides of dwelling
- roof/ov need aerial..position aerial for VEIS
- roof/ov do not need aerial…vent ATTIC WINDOW
- TEAM UP WITH 2ND LCC
- fire under control/members not in immediate danger, that would require use of Aerial, enter dwelling and assist
PEAKED ROOF/TOWER LADDER…1st due ROOF/OV…
- quick survey for rescue
- TL rescue indicated…roof/ov team perform
- VEIS of upper floors
- vent attic window
- vent fire/area
PEAKED ROOF/TL…1ST DUE LCC
- position to cover 2 sides
- remain at turntable
- fire controlled and members inside are not in immediate danger that would require TL use, enter dwelling and assist
A properly positioned TL can reach the front and side windows on the upper levels
PEAKED ROOF/ INSIDE TEAM…2ND LADDER..
all floors above fire
-prior to proceeding to floors above, notify OFFICER operating on fire floor…when operating above, SECONDARY MEANS OF EGRESS SHOULD BE SECURED ASAP
-at TOP FLOOR FIRES, check below to ensure fire did not start on lower floor or drop down…remain on floor below until needed
TOP FLOOR FIRE/ATTACHED PD’S-EXAMINED EXPOSURES FOR EXTENSION
PEAKED ROOF/PORTABLE LADDER OPS….2ND ROOF/OV
- outside survey
- VEIS areas not covered by 1st due, upper floor most likely to be occupied
- VENT ROOF as directed by LCO operating inside fire area to be vented
PEAKED ROOF/PORTABLE LADDER..LCC..2ND LADDER
- FRONT OF BUILDING
- team up with 1ST LCC for VEIS OF UPPER FLOORS
- operate as ordered by LCO
PEAKED ROOF/AERIAL LADDER…2ND LADDER…ROOF/OV
- operate from the aerial
- if 1st due roof/ov using aerial…2nd due will VEIS with PORTABLEs on upper floors
- vent roof as directed by LCO
PEAKED ROOF/AERIAL…2ND DUE LCC
- if 2nd arriving apparatus will not be used to LADDER building, contact 1st LCC to see if assistance required
- operate as ordered by LCO
2ND DUE LADDER/TOWER LADER OPS…ROOF/OV TEAM
- Operate from bucket
- 1st due in bucket, 2nd due should VEIS from portable on upper floors
- vEIS upper floors
- vent roof as directed
2nd due LCC….TOWER LADDER/PEAKED ROOF
- TL to cover 2 sides
- remain at turntable
- if 2nd apparatus will not be used, contact 1st due LCC to provide assistance
PEAKED ROOF OPS…?
Physically cutting and opening the roof is usually NOT considered an INITIAL OPERATION
- venting or removing of attic windows or louvers is frequently sufficient
- skylight vented prior to cutting roof (as directed by LCO)
PEAK ROOF- At an advanced fire, main objective is to…?
roof acces: TL/Aerial /portable
position a TOWER LADDER in front of the building
-parallel to front of the building, so basket can be placed over the CORNER of the building near the peak of the roof
If apparatus cannot be placed in the preferred position, place the basket to the VALLEY AREA where a hook and ladder can be used to reach peak
When using an Aerial LADDER AT PEAKED ROOF?
EXTEND LADDER at least 5 feet above and to one side of the peak
Portable LADDER AT PEAKED ROOF?
35’ TO DORMER- HOOK AND LADDER USED
OPERATING ON PEAKED ROOF?
- first hole should be made at main gable
- center hall usually follows direction of main gable
- power saw ONLY used from basket
Cutting the Roof with an axe?
- straddle peak, cut a hole over the fire, PARALLEL AND ON THE LEE SIDE OF THE RIDGE
- size is generally 2’x3’, but opening is LIMITED TO MEMBERS REACH AND MANEUVERABILITY
- 6 foot hook to push down..(10 foot hook for queen anne)
FLAT ROOF/1st Due LADDER/ ROOF FF…
- halligan/HALLIGAN hook/ LSR -LIfe saving rope should be taken to the roof when there is delay in laddering the rear or height requires the LSR
- roof of fire building-aerial /TL/portable -last resort- scissor ladder to adjoining. Building .In attached wood frame type PD’s, DO NOT USE IMMEDIATE ADJOINING
- vent roof
- vent rear windows of top floor
FLAT ROOF/1ST DUE LADDER/ OV…
- halligan/hook/portable
- for ATTACHED PD’S, when ladder rescue is not required, make way to REAR , check for life hazard and VEIS
- survey perimeter
- VEIS upper floor, most likely to be occupied/team up with 2nd due OV
FLAT ROOF/1ST DUE LADDER/ LCC…
- rescue or removal
- placement of roof FF on roof
- assist 1st due roof FF with portable to the roof
- team up with 2nd due LCC
FLAT ROOF/2ND DUE LADDER/ ROOF FF….
- 6’halligan hook and SAW
- ROOF
- assist in roof ventilation and necessary exposures
FLAT ROOF/2ND DUE LADDER/ OV
- survey rear and sides
- team up with 1st OV
- in ATTACHED PD’S, (except for assisting LCC in front of the building when aerial or portable ladders are needed for rescue or removal), check rear to ensure ventilation has been completed…if necessary team up with 2ND LADDER LCC TO CHECK IDLH EXPOSURE
FLAT ROOF/2ND DUE LADDER/LCC..
- team up with 1st due LCC OR 2ND DUE OV
- VEIS areas on UPPER FLOOR not covered by first arriving OV/LCC
- for TOP FLOOR FIRES WITH EXPOSURE PROBLEMS, 2ND DUE LCC MAY BE USED TO EXAMINE EXPOSURE
For QUEEN ANNE, due to the number of FF’s needed for portable ladder rescue and search…good practice to call..?
additional LADDER COMPANY
roof vent at Queen Anne not normally an initial consideration
Cellar and first floor fires…Roof/OV team must?
- conduct survey around perimeter
- VEIS FIRST FLOOR WINDOws AND assist in searches
- ENSURE ALL BEDROOMS ON THE FIRST FLOOR ARE SEARCHED QUICKLY, after completion of first floor, they should VEIS SECOND FLOOR, IF THE SECOND LADDER COMPANY HAS NOT YET ARRIVED
Cellar Fires…?
1st LADDER inside team will proceed to the same entrance as the first hoseline
- once the cellar fire is controlled, the inside team is in position to perform VEIS
- critical at cellar fires that the first ladder operate in a manner that supports the first hoseline
When no hoseline is available (cellar fire), the decision may be made by the first ladder to advance down the cellar stairs…?
ONE MEMBER SHOULD REMAIN AT TOP OF CELLAR STAIRS FOR DOOR CONTROL
OFFICER should communicate status of Cellar door to…?
2nd DUE LADDER AND IC
When 1st LADDER proceeds to the cellar via a secondary entrance….?
the 2nd ladder inside team will then provide VEIS OF THE FLOORS ABOVE THE CELLAR
When first line is advanced through MAIN ENTRANCE and decision is made to advance down cellar stairs to extinguish fire…?
1st ladder inside team will perform primary search of the 1st floor prior to descending into cellar
-if engine company requires assistance, one member of the inside team will be sent to assist, while the ladder company officer and other member, complete the primary search of the first floor
Attic Ops..?
- fire exposing through louvers to attic and roof
- 3 foot section of ceiling from floor below, engine could then operate from small extension ladder to sweep attic space with hoseline
- if wood is encountered-CATWALK- shifting about 3 feet to one side and making another opening may avoid this obstruction…
- use bent tip or cockloft nozzle
2 front doors present?
door closest to side wall will usually provide access to 2nd floor apartment
Window Bars Present…?
special call an additional engine and ladder company….ladder should be TOWER LADDER if one is not assigned on the first alarm assignment
