Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4th Year Studying > Prism - Biomechanics > Flashcards

Prism - Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal hallux interphalangeal angle?

A

0-10 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the normal DASA/PASA angle?

A

<7.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a structural deformity of a bunion regarding pasa and dasa?

A

If PASA + DASA = Hallux angle think structural.
AKA there is a problem with the actual cartilage heads.

If PASA + DASA is less than the hallux angle then it is considered positonal.

If PASA and DASA are outside of normal limits (>7.5) but still dont match the HA then it is a combo of positional and structural issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe how joint lines differ between a subluxed and deviated joint.

A

Deviated: Joint lines converge outside of the joint

Subluxed: The joint lines converge inside of the joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the normal hallux abductus angle?

A

<15 degrees

This is how much the hallux drifts laterally.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is considered a normal Intermetarsal angle?

A

8-12 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What IM angle should be corrected with a metatarsal head correction?

A

10-13 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What IM angle should be corrected with a metatarsal shaft procedure?

A

14-17 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What IM angle should be corrected with a base procedure?

A

18-21 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When should a lapidus procedure be considered for a bunion?

A

With hypermobility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the normal metatarsus adductus angle?

A

<20 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does one determine the true intermetatarsal angle if there is met adductus?

A

True angle = (Met adductus angle -15) + IM angle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the normal first metatarsal protrusion angle?

A

Normal +/- 2mm compared to the second metatarsal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal tibial sesamoid position?

A

Normal 1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the normal ROM at the hallux MPJ?

A

Normal 65-75 degrees of dorsiflexion and 40 degrees of plantarflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the normal first metatarsal-medial cuneiform angle?

A

22 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the normal ROM for the first ray?

A

Normal is 5mm dorsiflexion with 5mm plantarflexion

This equates to 1 cm total rom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Fallat and Buckholz 4th IM angle?

A

Angle between the bisection of the 4th met and the proximal-medial cortical border of the 5th metatarsal.

normal is 6 degrees
Pathological is >8.7 degrees.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Fallat and Buckholz Lateral deviation angle?

A

Also known as the lateral bowing angle
Angle of line bisecting head and neck of 5th met and line adjacent to proximal-medial cortex.

Normal is 2.64 degrees

Pathologic is >8 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

List the met length order from longest to shortest

A

Longest 2>3>5>4>1 Shortest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

List the metatarsal protrusion length from longest to shortest

A

Longest 2 > 3> 1> 4 > 5 Shortest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the ROM of the lesser MPJ?

A

30-40 degrees of dorsiflexion

50-60 degrees of plantarflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the normal metatarsal declination angle?

A

Normal is 21 degrees

24
Q

What is the normal metatarsal abductus angle?

A

Normal 0-15

25
Q

What is the normal IM angle of the second and 5th metatarsals?

A

14-18

26
Q

What IM angle between the first and second mets is considered pathologic?

A

Anything greater than 12 degrees.

normal is 8-12 degrees.

27
Q

What is Splay foot?

A

Increased 1st IM angle >12 with an increased 4th IM >8

With metatarsus primus adductus, there is a high predilection of splayfoot

28
Q

What is the normal long axis of the metatarsal head and neck with long axis of the talar body angle?
In adult vs at birth?

A

130-140 at birth

Adult 150-165

29
Q

What is the normal ammount of plantarflexion noted in the talar neck?

A

25-30 degrees

30
Q

How far medially is the talar head normally aligned?

A

15 degrees

31
Q

What is the normal talar declination angle?

A

21 degrees

32
Q

What forms the cyma line?

A

The TN and CC joints

33
Q

How is the cyma line aligned in pronation?

A

The cyma line will sit anteriorly

34
Q

How is the cyma line aligned with supination?

A

The cyma line will sit posteriorly.

35
Q

What is the normal TN coverage?

A

75 degrees of coverage

Or 25 degrees of uncovered head.

36
Q

What is the normal amount of forefoot abductus?

A

8 degrees (0-15)

37
Q

What is the normal calcaneal inclination angle?

A

21 degrees

38
Q

What is Hibb’s angle?

A

Seen on a lateral view only

I{t is the intersection of the longitudinal axis of the calcaneus and the first metatarsal

39
Q

What is the fowler phillip angle?

A

Angle formed from the intersection of a line along the anterior tubercle and the plantar tuberosity and another line along the posterosuperior proiminence at the achilles tendon insertion.

Normal is 70 degrees

Haglunds deformity >75 degrees

40
Q

What is the total angle of Ruch?

A

It is the calcaneal fowler and philip angle added to the calcaneal inclination angle.

normal is 90 degrees
Haglunds deformity will be greater than that 90 degrees.

41
Q

What is the normal calcanel cuboid abduction angle?

A

Normal 0-5

Increases with pronation.

42
Q

What is a normal kites angle in an adult?

A

20-40 degrees
Increases with pronation
Decreases with supination

43
Q

What is a normal kites angle in a child?

A

30-50 degrees
Increases with pronation
decreases with supination

44
Q

What is the normal talocalcaneal angle?

A

Seen on the lateral view only

Normal is 25-40 degrees and this does not change with age.

45
Q

What is the direction of the STJ axis?
Normal?
Pronation?
supination?

A

Through the first ray in neutral
2nd ray when supinating
medial to the 1st ray in pronation

46
Q

What is the STJ axis of motion (Planes)

A

Lateral, posterior, plantar, to medial anterior dorsal.

48 degrees from the frontal plane
42 degrees from the transverse plane
16 degrees from the sagittal plane

47
Q

Which direction does the oblique midtarsal joint run?

A

38 degrees from frontal plane
52 degrees from transverse plane
57 degrees from the sagittal plane

48
Q

What does Bohlers angle check?

A

Angle formed by the intersection of a line from the superior aspect of the anterior process to the superior aspect of the posterior facet and another line from the superior aspect of the posterior facet to the superior point of the calcaneal process

Normal 25-40
Decreases with intraarticular calcaneal fractures.

49
Q

What does Gissanes angle check?

A

Angle formed by the intersection of a line along the posterior facet and another line along the middle and anterior facets

Normal is 125-140 degrees
Increases with intraarticular calcaneal fractures.

50
Q

What is Toyger angle?

A

A line drawn down the posterior aspect of the calcaneus

Normally the line should be straight (180 degrees)

Decreases with an achilles rupture!!

51
Q

What is the normal ROM of the ankle?

A

10-20 degrees of dorsiflexion

20-40 degrees of plantarflexion

52
Q

What is the normal axis of the ankle joint?

A

Lateral posterior plantar to medial anterior dorsal

53
Q

What is the normal tibial torsion positon in children vs adults?

A

In children it is 13-18 degrees (6 yrs)

In adults its 18-23 degrees

54
Q

What is the normal tibial varum/valgum??

A

Tibial varum: is seen at birth with 5-10 degrees

Tibial valgum is the final position as an adult >2-3 years and is 2-3 degrees of valgum.

55
Q

What is the normal ROM of hip flexion extension?

A

Normally flexion is 90-100 degrees with the knee extended

Normal extension is 10-20 degrees with the knee extended.

56
Q

What is the Ortolani test?

A

Tests for congenital hip dislocation in new borns
While the newborn is supine and hip and knees flexed, the hips are adducted while pressing downward and abducted while lifting upward.

An unstable hip will dislocate when adducted and reduce when abducted.

4th Year Studying (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions