Principles of Rehabilitation Flashcards
What is Flexibility?
mobility of muscles & the length to which they can extend.
- immobilization of muscle can lead to loss of flexibility or length
- inflexibility often means the muscles & joints have limited mobility
What is Range of Motion (ROM)?
- amount of movement possible for a joint
- ROM is affected by flexibility of the muscle groups surrounding the joint
- if a muscle lacks flexibility the joint may not have full ROM
What factors can affect ROM?
- muscle flexibility
- joint capsule restriction
- ligament trauma
- fascial restraints
- scar tissue
- muscle strength
What is Muscular Strength?
- refers to the maximum force that a muscle or group of muscle can exert
- can be determined by measuring 1 rep max.
What is Muscular Endurance?
- muscles ability to sustain a sub-maximal force in either a static activity/repetitive activity over a period of time
- need to consider the relationship btwn muscular strength & endurance. (gain in strength can also create gains in endurance & vice-versa)
What is Proprioception?
- impaired balance, proprioception or coordination from injury to structures controlling these parameters or from lack of practice in specific sports skill = increases risk of injury
- to develop appropriate proprioception, you must have enough flexibility, ROM & strength
What is Passive range of Motion (PROM)
- activity that requires no active work on the part of the muscle.
- Motion is produced by an outside force (i.e. therapist).
- The intent is to maintain range of motion in situations in which either the muscle is incapable of moving voluntarily or it is desirable that the muscle not perform actively.
What is Active Assistive Range of Motion (AAROM):
- performed either when the muscle is incapable of producing the full motion without assistance
- when it is desirable for the individual to perform limited voluntary activity with assistance from an outside source to achieve the objective of the exercise.
What is Active Range of Motion (AROM):
- occurs when the athlete is able to produce full range of motion of the segment
- with no assistance
- No resistance is applied
- These types of exercises are sometimes referred to as range-of-motion (ROM) exercises.
What is Resisted Range of Motion (RROM):
- falls into the broad category of dynamic exercises. -Motion with resistance applied to the muscles is permitted.
- These types of exercises are commonly referred to as strengthening or progressive resistive exercises.
What is an Aerobic or oxygen dependent system?
This is a long-term energy system, which relies on the continuous use of oxygen for the oxidation of glycogen or fatty acids.
What is an Anaerobic Lactic or oxygen-independent system?
This is the energy system in which glycolysis takes place in the formation of energy and pyruvic acid. Example, shift in a hockey game
How does an Anaerobic Alactic or high-energy phosphate or ATP-CP System work?
This is the energy system in which energy is produced from the high-energy phosphate compounds ATP and CP.
-Example-100m dash
What methods can be used to achieve ROM?
a. AROM
b. AAROM (Active Assisted Range of Motion)
c. PROM: show examples using broomstick, tubing, other hand and arm
d. Joint mobilizations: (physiological and accessory movements)
e. PNF: proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. How does this differ from stretching
f. Various types of stretching methods-ballistic, static, dynamic
How can you achieve flexibility?
a. Patient: static, contract relax, hold-relax, slow-reversal-hold
b. Partner assisted:
c. Static: why, pros and cons
d. Dynamic: why, pros and cons
