Principles Of Physiologic Motion Flashcards
Positive Motion Testing
Flexion and extension dysfunction lumber spring testing
Whole Body Motion, Regional Motion and Segmental Motion
multiple regions, involving one body region (cervical spine), the motion of one vertebral segment in relation to the one below it (2 segments = vertebral unit)
Spinal unit
2 vertebral segments (ligaments) anterior and posterior longitudinal ligament, inter-transverse ligament, ligamentum flavum, facet capsular ligament, interspinous ligament, supraspinous ligament
Thoracic spine
Vertebrate change—> increase in size to accumulate weight
Upper thorax: flexion > ext
Lower thorax: flex and ex the same
Facets, spinal foramina, discs, spinal nerve roots
Vertebral ligaments
Costo Vertebral Articulation
Superior articulate facet connects to the inferior one
Head of the rib articulates with the bodies of the corresponding thoracic vertebra, the intervertebral disc, and the vertebra above
Zygapophyseal (Facet) Joint
BUL-back up lateral
Permit gliding motion
Rotation
BUL
Superior facet Motion
Backward upward and laterally
The greatest motion in the thoracic spine is ROTATION
Side bending, Flexion, Extension
Greatest in the lower thoracic
Flexion is greater than extension
Extension is the least motion in spine because spinous process prevents extension movement (shingle effect)
Superficial Layer
Trapezius
Latissimus Doris
Thoracolumbar fascia attach to Latissimus Doris and quadratus lumborum
Intermediate layer
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major
Levator scapular
Serratus Posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior
Deep Layer
Iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus, spinalis (I love supergetti muscles)
Extends spine (bilateral contraction)
Sidebends to same side (unilateral contraction)
Transversospinalis Group
Multifidus span 2-4 spinal segments
Rotatores 1-2 spinal segment
Inter spinal is
Intertransverserii
Cover small segments when they contract
Rotate and side bend away
Abdominal Diaphram
Opening for venacava T8 take a big breath it expands
Esophageal hiatus T10
Aortic opening T12
Respiratory Assist Muscles
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalene
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Diaphragm
External Intercostalis
Internal intercostalis
Transversus thoracic
External oblique
Recuts abdominus
Internal oblique
Exhalation muscles are oriented downwards
Valvesless Venous System
Headache can occur with visceral cord or vertebral dysfunction due to increased venous back pressure
Route for metastatic spread of pelvic cancer
Rules of threes for spinal and Transverse
T1-3 same level
T4-6 1/2 level down
T7-9 level down
T10 1 level down
T11 1/2 level down
T12 same level
Lumbar Vertebrae
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Intervertebral disk
Intervertebral foremen
Super articular facet
BUL thoracic spine
BM lumber spine
Facet horizontal transverse plane
Ribs limit side bending
Upper thorax rotation>SB flexion>extension
Lower thorax SB>Rotation
The greatest amount of flexion/extension of T spine is in lower thoracic spine
Primary motion is flexion extension
Facet orientation discourages rotation & SB
Motion occurs primarily in the Sagittal plane
Ilia-soaps
Strongest flexor of the thigh
Right ureter is at L3
Quadratus lumborum; assists in respiration, assists in flexion and side bending
Suprasternal notch
Stern Angle (angle of Louise)
Xiphoid process
Xiphosternal Articulation
Iliac Crest
T2
T4
T9
Rib 7
L4
Principle 1 Neutral
Principle 2 Non Neutral
Principle 3
Sidebend and rotation opp
Sidebend and rotation same side
Motion in one plane affects the motion in two planes
Somatic dysfunction type 1 and 2
Non neutral
Would affects principle 1 mechanics
Would affects principle 2 mechanics
Compromise in motion in Sagittal planes at segment
Name in the way it likes to go
Erector spinae
Transversospinalis
Cervical spine
Occipitoatlantal Motion
Atlas of Axis
C2-C7 type 2 like
C0-C1 type 1 like
C1-C2
Naming Segments Somatic Dysfunction
Transverse is a little even when flexed and uneven when extension
