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EMT > Principles of Pharmacology > Flashcards

Principles of Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

A

Absorption

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2
Q

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

A

Action

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3
Q

An oral medication that minds and absorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. Charcoal is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit.

A

Activated Charcoal

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4
Q

The process of binding or sticking to a surface.

A

Adsorption

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5
Q

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

A

Agonist

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6
Q

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

A

Antagonist

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7
Q

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).

A

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

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8
Q

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient

A

Contraindications

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9
Q

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

A

Dose

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10
Q

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

A

EMT-administered medication

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11
Q

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

A

Enteral Medications

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12
Q

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree.

A

Epinephrine

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13
Q

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

A

Gel

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14
Q

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its proprietary or “trade” names); the name is not capitalized.

A

Generic Name

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15
Q

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

A

Indications

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16
Q

An abnormally low blood glucose level.

A

Hypoglycemia

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17
Q

Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route.

A

Inhalation

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18
Q

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.

A

Intranasal (IN)

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18
Q

An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.

A

Intraosseous (IO) Injection

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19
Q

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route

A

Intramuscular (IM) Injection

20
Q

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.

A

Intravenous (IV) Injection

21
Q

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.

A

Medication

22
Q

Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm.

A

Medication Error

23
Q

A miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled.

A

Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)

24
Q

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril.

A

Mucosal Atomizer Device (MAD)

25
Q

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer the medication.

A

Nitroglycerin

26
Q

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient with-out a prescription.

A

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medications

26
Q

A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.

A

Oral Glucose

27
Q

By mouth; a medication delivery route.

A

Oral

28
Q
A

Oxygen

29
Q

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.

A

Parenteral Medications

30
Q

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.

A

Patient-Assisted Medication

31
Q

When the EMT administers medication to him or herself or to a partner

A

Peer-Assisted Medication

32
Q

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.

A

Per os (PO)

33
Q

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.

A

Per Rectum (PR)

33
Q

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order.

A

Prescription Medications

33
Q

The process by which a medication works on the body.

A

Pharmacodynamics

34
Q

The study of properties and effects of medications.

A

Pharmacology

35
Q

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand

A

Solution

36
Q

Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones

A

Side Effects

36
Q

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.

A

Suspension

37
Q

Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.

A

Subcutaneous (SC) Injection

37
Q

The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.

A

Therapeutic Effect

37
Q

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route

A

Topical Medications

38
Q

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route.

A

Sublingual (SL)

39
Q

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized

A

Trade Name

40
Q

Through the skin; a medication delivery route.

A

Transcutaneous (Transdermal)

41
Q

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.

A

Unintended Effects

42
Q

Actions that can be harmful to the patient.

A

Untoward Effects

EMT (8 decks)

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