Principles Of Operative Surgery

Question 0

Orraphy?

Answer 0

Repair of tissues

Question 1

What is oscopy?

Answer 1

Examination of a hollow viscus

Question 2

Ostomy?

Answer 2

An artificial communication between a hollow viscus and the skin

Question 3

Otomy?

Answer 3

Cutting open

Question 4

Plasty?

Answer 4

Reconstruction

Question 5

Pexy?

Answer 5

Relocation

Question 6

Surgical access, incisions and management of wounds:

Answer 6

Only shave if necessary.
Skin prep 0.5% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol
Double thickness linen sheets
Disposable fabrics allow less penetration

Question 7

Good incision takes into account:

Answer 7

Good access
Orientation of skin tension lines
Strength and healing potential of the tissues
Anatomy of underlying structure 
Cosmetic considerations

Question 8

What are the principles of haemostasis?

Answer 8

Clipping, ligation under running water
Diathermy (electrically induced heat)
Tourniquet and exangination 
Pressure
Hypotension anaesthesia

Question 9

What are the three modes of diathermy?

Answer 9

1. Coagulating monopolar diathermy: bleeding point is picked up by diathermy forceps and coagulates. Current flows through patients body.
2. Cutting monopolar diathermy. Current passes through patients body.
3. Bipolar diathermy: current flows down one blade of forceps through tissue between blades and up the other side.

Question 10

What are the different types of suture material?

Answer 10

Absorbable
Slowly absorbed
Non absorbable

Question 11

What are the common skin closure techniques?

Answer 11

Simple interrupted sutures.
Vertical mattress sutures.
Skin staples.
Subcuticular sutures (used for cosmetic appearance)

Question 12

What’s the excision technique for removing a cyst?

Answer 12

Incision extends beyond edge of lesion, plane of dissection around cyst by blunt dissection, remove cyst intact with overlying skin and then suture up the skin.

Question 13

What are dressings for?

Answer 13

To maintain the wound in a moist state.
To absorb or contain any superficial bleeding or inflammatory exudate.
To protect delicate healing tissue.
To apply pressure to prevent haematoma.
To conceal wounds from view.