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Operative 1 > Principles of Operative > Flashcards

Principles of Operative Flashcards

1
Q

operative dentistry is the treatment of disease/defects of hard tissue of teeth that

A

DO NOT REQUIRE FULL COVERAGE RESTORATION

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2
Q

What does operative restore?

A

form, function, an esthetics

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3
Q

Enamel thickness varies by

A

-location
-by tooth type

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4
Q

enamel is ________ hydroxyapatite

A

90-92%

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5
Q

emamel is ______ and _______

A

strong; brittle

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6
Q

where are enamel rods the larger diameter?

A

near the surface

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7
Q

where are enamel rods diameter smaller?

A

near the dentin borders

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8
Q

enamel rods are ______ to long axis, radiate ________

A

perpendicular; outward

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9
Q

DO NOT LEAVE ENAMEL RODS

A

UNSUPPORTED!!!!!

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10
Q

unsupported enamel

A

has no dentin supporting it
can fracture easily

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11
Q

grooves and fissures can

A

act as food/bacteria trap (leads to decay)

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12
Q

Enamel tuffs

A

-Hypomineralized
-Extend into enamel from DEJ

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13
Q

enamel lamellae

A

thin faults between enamel rods

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14
Q

enamel lamellae extend from

A

enamel toward DEJ

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15
Q

Dentino-Enamel Junction

A

where dentin meets enamel

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16
Q

Dentino-Enamel Junction is a ________ zone

A

Hypomineralized

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17
Q

as you approach the DEJ enamel solubility

A

increases

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18
Q

Fluoride lowers

A

acid solubility

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19
Q

Pulp dentin complex

A

-strong and resilient
-living tissue
“healing properties”

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20
Q

what is the largest portion of the tooth?

A

Dentin

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21
Q

Dentin is formed

A

immediately prior to enamel

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22
Q

Dentin formation

A

continues throughout life of the pulp

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23
Q

Enamel spindles

A

Odontoblastic process crossed into enamel

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24
Q

what may serve as pain receptors?

A

Enamel spindles

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25
Q

where is the dentinal tubules diameter the largest?

A

at the pulp

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26
Q

where do you find the largest number of tubules per square mm?

A

greatest at the pulp

more sensitve

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27
Q

Dentinal tubules Lined with

A

peritubular dentin

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28
Q

what dentin is formed by secondary odontoblast in response to moderate irritant?

A

Reparative Dentin

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29
Q

in Sclerotic dentin

A

Peritubular dentin widens and fills with calcified material

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30
Q

Sclerotic dentin is

A

primary dentin that has changed

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31
Q

Dentin hardness is _______ of enamel

*****

A

1/5 (a lot softer)

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32
Q

Dentin is _______ hydroxyapatite

A

50%

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33
Q

Denin is _______ times harder near the DEJ than near pulp

A

3

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34
Q

Hydrodynamic Theory of Pain Transmission

A

Odontoblastic process wrapped in nerves and fluid in dentinal tubules enamel and cementum is removed causes movement in the tubules which causes pain

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35
Q

what causes tooth pain? (Hydrodynamic Theory of Pain Transmission)

A

fluid movement through tubules

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36
Q

smear layer

A

created when tooth is cut
plugs dentinal tubules

dentin is cut

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37
Q

what is the color of enamel

A

-Gray, semi-translucent
-Becomes temporarily whiter when dehydrated
-Shiny

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38
Q

what is the color of dentin?

A

yellow-white
dull, opaque

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39
Q

cementum is ______ than dentin

A

softer

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40
Q

where is cementum located

A

covers root (purple)

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41
Q

cementum

A

-covers root surface
-formed continually

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42
Q

contours

A

Curve or shape of something

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43
Q

PROXIMAL CONTACT

A

Where two adjacent teeth contact

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44
Q

EMBRASURES

A

V-shaped valleys between adjacent teeth
(Gingival usually fills in this space)

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45
Q

tooth preparation should be ________

A

precise

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46
Q

amalgam is really good for

A

somethings

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47
Q

with a preperation you want to extend to

A

sound tooth structure on all sides

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48
Q

Objective of tooth prep

A

remove defects
resist fracture
restore esthetics and function

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49
Q

prep walls are designed to

A

retain restoration
resist fracture

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50
Q

what are patient factors to consider?

A

Esthetics
Economics
Medical Condition
Age
Caries risk

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51
Q

what are dental anatomy factors to consider when doing a preperation?

A

◦ Enamel Rod orientation
◦ Thickness of enamel and dentin
◦ Size, location of pulp
◦ Relationship of tooth to periodontium

52
Q

where are locations of primary caries?

A
  • pit and fissure
  • enamel smooth surface
  • root surface
53
Q

Residual caries

A

left by the operator (intentionally or by accident

54
Q

when MAY it be acceptable to leave carried material behind

A

(RARE) to avoid pulp exposure

55
Q

Recurrent Caries

A

-Microleakage present at the junction between restoration and tooth
- may not be able to be seen with xray

56
Q

acute/rampant caries (rate)

A

light color
appears DULL, mushy

57
Q

Chronics caries (rate)

A

slow or arrested
dark color
appear shiny, solid

58
Q

extension for prevention

A

-no longer practiced
- they would take away unnecessary tooth

59
Q

O

A

occlusal

60
Q

MO

A

mesial occlusal

61
Q

DO

A

distal occlusal

62
Q

MOD

A

mesial-occlusal distal

63
Q

F or B

A

facial or buccal

64
Q

L

A

lingual

65
Q

tooth prep walls Internal Walls

A

◦ Axial Wall
◦ Pulpal Wall or Floor

66
Q
A
67
Q

Axial wall of is ________ to the long axis of the tooth

A

parellel

68
Q

cavosurface margin

A

margin (edge) where the prepared (cut) tooth meets the unprepared tooth

69
Q

Cavosurface angle

A

angle where prepared wall and unprepared tooth
surface meet

70
Q

pulpal wall is the wall closest to

A

pulp

71
Q

pulpal wall is ________ to the long axis of the tooth in class one and class 2 preps

A

PERPENDICULAR

72
Q

the gingival floor or prep is

A

-cut
-flat
-perpendicular to occlusal forces

73
Q

Pulpal and gingival floors/walls

A

-provide stabilizing seats for restoration
- distribute stresses in tooth

74
Q

line angle

A

Junction of two walls/surfaces along a line

75
Q

point angle

A

Junction of three surfaces

76
Q

interal line angle

A

apex points away from observer

in the tooth does not reach the outer surface

77
Q

external line angle

A

apex points towards observer

line touch outside tooth

78
Q

types of carosurface

A

◦ Bevel
◦ 90 ̊
◦ Chamfer

79
Q

Unsupported enamel

A

when the enamel rods are not supported by sound dentin

80
Q

what is the dark red near the top?

A

unsupported enamel

81
Q

Class 1 prep

A

-Occlusal surface of posterior teeth
-May include lingual/buccal grooves and pits

82
Q

What type of prep is this?

A

Class 5

83
Q

T or F class 5 prep can be on cementum.

A

True

84
Q

A prep that include lingual/buccal grooves and pits is

A

class 1

85
Q

Occlusal surface of posterior teeth is what type of prep

A

class 1

86
Q

what type of prep is this?

A

class 1

87
Q

Class 2 preps

A

Proximal surfaces of premolars and molars

88
Q

Class 3 prep

A

Proximal surfaces of incisors and canines (That do not involve incisal edge)

89
Q

what class prep is this?

A

class prep

90
Q

Class IV (4)

A

add incisal edge to class 3

91
Q

what type of prep would this be?

A

Class 4

92
Q

Class 5

A

Gingival 1/3 of smooth surfaces
(buccal and lingual)

93
Q

What type of prep is this?

A

Class 5

94
Q
A
95
Q

Class 6

A

incisal edge or cusp

96
Q

What are the initial stage of preperation?

A

*Outline Form
*Initial depth
*Primary resistance form
*Primary retention form
*Convenience form

97
Q

Outline the form

A

-remove undermind enamel
-margins placed
-no occlusion of margins

98
Q

you do not want _______ on the margins

A

occlusion

99
Q

if two preps are _______ away from each other connect them

A

<0.5mm

100
Q

what is the maximum depth of pit and fissure for class 1 (in lab)

A

2.0mm

101
Q

In class 2 the axial wall depth is

A

0.2-0.8mm INTO DENTIN
(in lab 1-1.5mm)

102
Q

how is axial wall depth measured?

A

from outer surface of the tooth to the inner most
(not a down is an across)

103
Q

what is an enameloplasty?

A

remove shallow enamel fissure or pit
NO MORE THAN 1/3 Enamel thickness

104
Q

resistance form is compromised when

A

-margin exceeds 2/3 the distance of the central groove
-margin is 1/2 the distance between central groove and cusp tip

105
Q

resistance form

A

-internal and external line angles rounded
-flat floor

106
Q

resistance form allows for sufficient _______ of restorative material

A

thickness

107
Q

what is the minimun thickness of amalgam (resistance form)

A

1.5mm

108
Q

what is the minimun thickness of gold (resistance form)

A

1-2mm

109
Q

what is the minimun thickness of porcelain (resistance form)

A

2.0mm

110
Q

bevel

A

smooth out the corner of the 90 degree angle

111
Q

What is the objective of the retention form?

A

to keep restoration in the tooth

112
Q

we want slightly _______ line angles

A

rounded

113
Q

retention form deals with

A

Wall length
Convergence
Parallellism

114
Q

does anything change for bonded restorations?

A

some things are less important but are still followed

115
Q

connivence form allows you

A

to access the defect (see what you are doing)

116
Q

What are the final stages of tooth preperation?

A

*Remove remaining infected dentin
* Remove remaining old restoration
* Pulp protection
* Secondary resistance and retention forms
* Finish external walls and margins
* Final cleaning, inspecting, and sealing

117
Q

the wall of this prep show

A

convergence

118
Q

affected dentin

A

-Demineralized
-Usually discolored but NOT soft

119
Q

infected dentin

A

-Soft
-May or may not be stained
MUST REMOVE

120
Q

can you always tell the difference in affected and infected dentin?

A

No

121
Q

secondary retention

A

grooves to lock in material

122
Q

secondary resistance

A

-fewer extensions
-bevel for rounded axiopulpal line angle

123
Q

if you are working in this areas of the mouth where should you sit? (right handed)

A

8:00 positon (4:00 L)

124
Q

if you are working in this areas of the mouth where should you sit?

A

11:00 (1:00 L)

125
Q

if you are working in this areas of the mouth where should you sit? (right handed

A

12-1

Operative 1 (15 decks)

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