Principles Of General Nursing

Question 1

Dressings are invariably sterile and are applied..

Answer 1

Before any other materials., directly to the wound. They prevent subsequent layers from sticking to or contaminating the area.

Question 2

A dry dressing type

Answer 2

Plain gauze swabs used for debridement of wounds.

Question 3

Impregnanated dressing type

petroleum gel. Antibiotic

Answer 3

Used for superficial open wounds.

Question 4

Semi-occlusive used for surgical wounds.

Or wounds with mild to moderate discharges.

Answer 4

Usually with a layer of permeable non stick material on one or both sides and a central absorbent core. May have adhesive section round edge to enable accurate, stable placement.

Question 5

Absorbent dressing made of various materials. Usually thicker and often with a coloured side that faces the wound. May have adhesive section round edge to enable accurate placement.

Answer 5

Large wounds where there is a large amount of exudate: helps to remove fluid from wound area whilst preventing drying at the wound surface.

Question 6

Gels dressing or gels with no base that need to be used in conjunction with other dressings.

Answer 6

Used where maintenance of moisture is essential (granulating wounds).
Where there is a large deficit beneath skin level that is difficult to dress in any other manner.

Question 7

Silver impregnated or iodine impregnated dressing

Answer 7

Used to help prevent infections and encourage speed of healing.

Question 8

Cotton wool padding.

natural or man made absorbent material in roll

Answer 8

Can be used as sole padding material in most bandages.

Can be difficult to apply compared to others.

Question 9

Padding bandage
(natural absorbent material supplied in rolls of varoous sizes)

Answer 9

Preferable to cotton wool in most cases due to ease of application. Particularly good for limbs

Question 10

Synthetic padding
(supplied in rolls of various sizes, thinner and lighter)

Answer 10

Good where less bulk is needed(eg under casts, smaller patients). Can cause sweating and is not so absorbent.

Question 11

Foam padding
(variety of thicknes)

Answer 11

Useful when external fixators are bandaged or under drains etc.

Question 12

Cotton wool/gauze padding

cotton wool sandwiched between gauze layers supploed in rolls.

Answer 12

Very useful for abdomen and thorax bandages.

Holes may be cut to accommodate legs and prepuce.

Question 13

Loose open weave

conforming material

Answer 13

Has no elastic component but loose weave aids conforming property eg Crinx.
Can be used to hold padding to any area of the body.

Question 14

Conforming

Answer 14

Has an elastic component.

Can be placed too tightly. Care needs to be taken.

Question 15

Tubular

conforming

Answer 15

Banadge supplied in a tube construction.
Used under casts and abdomens and thorax.
Holes can be cut for legs etc

Question 16

Crepe

conforming bandage

Answer 16

Washable cotton fibre material on a roll.

Not commonly used but may be useful to hold small dressings in place. Eg thorax.

Question 17

Adhesive protective materials

Answer 17

Thick cotton based material with an adhesive side. Supplied in rolls of various widths.
Good for foot bandages due to thicknes.
Avoid applying directly to skin and hair

Question 18

Cohesive protective materials.

Answer 18

Latex containing material that sticks to itself but not to skin and hair.
The most commonly used protective material.

Question 19

Basic bandaging formula.

Answer 19

Initial layer - dressing
Primary layer- padding (comfort /support/absorption.
Secondary layer-conforming (strength and contouring/ security)
Tertiaryayer - protection (conforming/strength)

Question 20

Ehmer sling

Answer 20

To support hind limb following reduction of hip luxation (surgical or non surgical)

Question 21

Velpeau sling

Answer 21

To support shoulder joint following luxation or surgery

Question 22

Robert jones bandage

Answer 22

To provide support and immobilisation to fractured limbs in a first aid situation or following surgery
.apply zinc oxide traction tapes to the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the foot. (stirrups)

Question 23

Spica bandage

Answer 23

To immobilize forelimb in particular the elbow joint and associated bones.

Question 24

A pressage bandage

Answer 24

Applies even pressure to wounds in horses in order to reduce oedema, exudation amd proud flesh.
It is a reusable elasticated stocking with a zip fastening.
In hock and knee areas a stable bandage can be applied below the pressage bandage and adhesive bandage above to hold in place.