General Flashcards
A proprioceptive reflex is…
Response to knuckling the feet.
Wobbler syndrome commonly effects
Doberman and great dane
What can be a non-regenerative cause of anaemia?
Leukemia
Uraemia is not a
Primary cause of seizures
A water deprivation test may be carried out to diagnose
Diabetes insipidus
Rhinitis is inflammation of
The nasal mucous membrane
Cushings disease is
More common in dogs than cats.
Can be caused by over administration of steroids
More commonly caused by pituitary tumours.
Which insulin has the longest duration of action?
Protamine zinc insulin.
Which is least likely to be a clinical sign of diabetes insipidus?
Weight gain.
Initial clinical signs of diabetes mellitis include..
Polydispa
Polyphagia
Polyuria
Weight loss
Degeneration of the beta cells in the islets of langerhans due to old age is the most common cause of
Diabetes mellitis
Common clinical signs of a splenic rupture include..
Tachycardia, tachypnoea., weak pulse and abdominal swelling.
Hepatic diets for dogs should have
Increased carbohydrates
Which clinical sign is least likely to be present as a result of duodenal intussusception?
Diarrhoea
Common clinical signs of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency include..
Weight loss and chronic diarrhoea
Easoinophilic granuloma are
More common in cats.
Found commonly on the upper lip.
Viral infections and bacterial infections commonly cause.
Stomatitis.
Pharyngitis
Gingivitis
Pneumonia is
Inflammation of the lungs
Common signs of anaemia..
Tachypnoea.
Tachycardia
Exercise intolerance.
Haemophilia
Affects blood clotting
Inflammation of the kidney that affects the renal pelvis is called
Pyelonephritis
Acute renal failure might present
Anuria
A dysrhythmia is
An abnormal slowing down and speeding up of the heartbeat.
What may be a likely cause of unilateral epistaxis?
Aspergillus or neoplasia.
Signs of theobromine poisoning may vary but may include
Vomiting, diarrhoea, seizures or sudden death from heart failure.
Orthopnoea is
Mouth breathing
The intermediate host for diplylidium caninum is
Trichodectes canis
The term needed to describe an accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the thorax is
Chylothorax
The calculi formed in acidic urine only is
Struvite.
Diabetes insipidus results from a disorder of the
Pituitary gland
When there is parauat poisoning
The induction of vomiting is justified in cases of paraquat ingestion.
Early signs of paraquat poisoning may include diarrhoea but renal failure and pulmonary oedema develop in later stages.
Paraquat poisoning is usually fatal even if very small quantities have been ingested.
What is the specific antidote for warfarin poisoning?
Vitamin k
Normal urine specific gravity in cat
1.035 to 1.060
Normal urine specific gravity in dog
1.015 to 1.045
Normal specific gravity in horse
1.020 to 1.050
Elevated sg of urine can indicate
Dehydration, acute renal failure, shock or diabetes mellitis.
Crystaluria can also increase sg
Decreased sg of urine can indicate
Chronic renal failure Diabetes insipidus Polydispa Fluid therapy Corticosteroid therapy
Isothenuria
When sg approaches that of glomerular filtrate 1.008 and 1.012.
Not concentrated or diluted by kidneys.
Chronic renal disease
Normal ph of cats urine
5 to 7. Aspinal states 6 to 7
Normal ph of dog and horse
7-9
Normal urine output of rabbit
0.5 - 2ml per kg per hr.
12-48ml per kg per day
A reduced volume of 0.5ml per kg per hr would require intervention for
Dog cat horse and rabbit.
Normal water intake for a rabbit
50-150ml /kg/day
Normal water intake of horse
50-60 ml/kg/day
Reasons to bandage:
Pressure to
Haemmorage arrest
Prevent or control swelling.
Immobilisation
Fractures or dislocation support
Sprains or strains
Healing wounds
Protection against self mutilation, infection, environment and further injury.
