Principles of Exercise Prescription Flashcards
1
Q
What are the indications for exercise?
A
- Pain that decreases with particular movements
- Restricted joint movement
- Tight muscles
- Weak muscles
- For good health & general fitness
2
Q
What are some of the contraindications to exercise?
A
- Medical red flags
- Active bone disease
- Region of joint dislocation/fracture
- Immediately after surgery
- Signs of infection
- Active inflamm
- Signs/symptoms of cauda equina
- Signs of VBI
3
Q
What are the precautions to exercise?
A
- High pain/irritability
- Significant inflamm
- Osteoporosis
- Hypermobility/joint instability
- Newly united fracture
- Following prolonged immobilisation
- Haemophilia
- Haematoma
- Myositis ossification
4
Q
What advice should be given if any precautions are present?
A
- May need medical clearance
- Exercise within pain limits
- Progress exercises slowly, increase reps before load
- Regularly reassess treatment outcomes
5
Q
What are the indications for ROM exercises?
A
- Limited ROM
- Pain decreases in response to movement
- Swelling
- Joint stiffness
- Post surgery/immobilisation
- Soft tissue tightness
- Muscle weakness
6
Q
What are the indications for stretching?
A
- Muscle tightness
- Muscle pain (including DOMS)
- Post injury/surgery (scar tissue)
- Post immobilisation
- Injury prevention
7
Q
What are the indications for strengthening?
A
- Muscle weakness
- Immobilisation/disuse atrophy
- Reason for pain
- Limiting function
- Injury prevention
- Maximise performance
8
Q
What are the principles of prescribing exercise?
A
- Explain purpose/procedure, consent
- Clearly explain/demonstrate
- Check resting pain/discomfort
- Client performs exercise within pain limits
- Note limitations
- Give specific parameters, priorities & warnings
9
Q
What is the difference in parameters for ROM, stretching & strength?
A
ROM
- More is better
Stretching
- Longer is better
Strengthening
- Endurance (low load, high reps) vs strength (high load, low reps)
- Isometric vs concentric vs eccentric
10
Q
What should be monitored during exercise?
A
- Pain
- Fatigue (need to work to this point for strength)
- Technique
- Range/reps/load
11
Q
When should exercises be progressed?
A
- Client’s progress has slowed/plateaued
- Client is finding exercises easy
- Client is yet to return to function
12
Q
How should exercises be progressed?
A
- Slowly, with warning & under supervision
- Against gravity
- Remove assistance
- Increase range/load/reps/sets
- Integrate with function
13
Q
When should exercises be regressed?
A
- Pain with exercises
- Incorrect technique
- Change in medical condition/advice
14
Q
How should exercises be regressed?
A
- Eliminate gravity
- Provide assistance
- Reduce range/load/reps/sets
- Consider isometric instead
