Principles of Anti-infective drugs Flashcards
What is a bacteriostatic agent?
Inhibitory growth of suceptible microorganisms
E.g. sulfonamides
What is the postantibiotic effect?
Persistent effect of an antimicrobial on bacterial growth following brief exposure of organisms to a drug
What are the 5 MoAs of antimicrobial agents?
Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis
Inhibitors of protein synthesis or structure
Interferes with cell membrane function
Interferes with DNA/RNA synthesis
Inhibitors of metabolism
When would you start empiric ABX coverage?
Site of infection is difficult to culture
Serious or life-threatening infections
When would you administer intravenous ABX?
Moderate to severe infections
Patient unable to take oral agents
Afevrile for 2-3 days, consider switching to oral
What are the advantages and disadvantages of combination therapy?
Treatment of mixed infections, severe infections, enhancement of antibacterial activity through synergy
Added risk of toxicity
What are the common G+ bacteria?
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Enterococcus
What are the common G- “Piddly” bacteria?
Haemophilus
Morexella
Morganella
Shigella
Salmonella
What are the common G- “Fence” bacteria?
Prteus
E. coli
Klebsiella
What are the G- “SPACE” bacteria?
Serratia
Pseudomonas
Acinetobacter
Citrobacter
Enterobacter
What are the atypicals?
Chlamydia
Mycoplasma
Legionella
What are the anaerobes?
Peptostreptococcus
Bacteroides
Clostridium
