Principles

Question 1

Balance

Answer 1

The arrangement of elements in a composition to achieve a visual equilibrium
Depends on the idea of visual weight (size/shape/complexity/colour/tenure/location)
Balance depends on object placement
Types of balance: symmetrical. asymmetrical, radial

Question 2

Harmony/Unity

Answer 2

Similarity/oneness.togetherness/cohesion
Agreement of the parts to each other and to the whole
Relating a number of different elements through common characteristics
Common strategies for increasing unity are: grouping/containment/proximity/continuity/repetition and closure

Question 3

Rhythm/Repetition

Answer 3

Repetition: the same visual elements repeated a number of times vs rhythm: organization of repeated elements in a deliberate pattern

Question 4

Emphasis/Focus

Answer 4

The idea that some elements are more important than others
Composition of subordinate and dominant parts
Could be central (focal point), could be offset from a rhythmic grouping of elements
Emphasis by shape/size/colour/texture/contrast with surroundings
Usually several levels of emphasis is used

Question 5

Contrast/Variety

Answer 5

Subtle or extreme juxtaposition of dissimilar elements
Two or more forces operate in opposition
Compositional rule of thumb: 2/3 for one force or 1/3 for others
Created with dissimilar colours, shapes, sizes, textures, proportions. lighting and placement
Practicalities of contrast (brightness, ratio, and visibility(

Question 6

Proportion/Scale

Answer 6

Proportion is the relationship between one part of an object or composition and another part to the whole or between one element and another (not the same as scale!)
Scale is the relationship to an object or to a known size