Primary: Respiratory

Question 1

Most common bacterial respiratory pathogens

Answer 1

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus

Question 2

dgx of URI has presence of

Answer 2

nasal congestion, clear, white, or yellow/green, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, and cough

Question 3

What does flu show that cold wont?

Answer 3

high fever, profound malaise, and dry cough

Question 4

When should bacterial cause of URI be suspected

Answer 4

persist or worsen after 8 to 10 days, maxillofacial pain present( especially one side of face affected); first 3 to 4 days severe; associated with fever higher than 39 C; purulent discharge; symptoms worsen after a viral infection appear to be resolving

Question 5

Pharyngitis

Answer 5

Caused by group A strep
S/S: tonsillar exudate, tender anterior cervical lymph nodes, fever, lack of cough
Bacterial infection

Question 6

Dgx for Pharyngitis

Answer 6

Dgx: Rapid antigen detection test or culture. No need for follow-up neg rapid

Question 7

Tx for Pharyngitis

Answer 7

Penicillin and amoxicillin for 10 days , first line tx for GAS

Question 8

What if allergic to penicillin for strep throat

Answer 8

First gen cephalosporins, clindamycin (Cleocin), clarithromycin (Biaxin), or azithromycin

Question 9

Community-acquired penumonia

Answer 9

leading infectious cause of death in US, eight most frequent cause of death overall
Common infecting organism: Steptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and most commonly influenza

Question 10

S/S of CAP

Answer 10

fatifue, cough, difficulty breathing, chills/sweats, anorexia, headache, and chest pain being most common

Question 11

viral CAP vs Bacterial CAP

Answer 11

bacterial: high fever and a productive cough
viral: more generalized malaise

Question 12

Pertussis

Answer 12

s/s appear after 6 weeks after exposure, persist with an increasingly violent cough over several weeks

Question 13

tx of pertusiss

Answer 13

erythromycin, also can include azithromycin ( Zithromax), and clarithromycin ( Biaxin)

Question 14

Mild intermittent asthma

Answer 14

Daytime: <= 2 days/ week
Nighttime: <= 2 nights/ month
No interference with normal activity
use of Short acting: <= 2 days/ week

Question 15

Persistent mild

Answer 15

Day time: >2 days/wk
Night: >2 nights/month
Minor interference with normal activity
use of short-acting: > 2 days/ week

Question 16

Persistent moderate

Answer 16

Daytime: daily
night: >1 night/ week
Some interference with normal activity
Daily use of short acting meds

Question 17

Persistent severe

Answer 17

Daytime: Continual
Night: Frequent
Extremely limited with normal activity
Several times/ day use of short-acting meds

Question 18

Intermittent asthma management

Answer 18

Managed with short-acting beta-agonists on as needed basis