Primary: Cardio Conditions Flashcards
Hypertension is a major risk factor for?
CAD, stroke, HF, and renal failure
Primary hypertension
cause of majority of hypertension; secondary to factors such as genetics, age, and obesity
Secondary hypertension
less common; result of another disorder such as a renal or heart condition
White Coat Hypertension
observation that a person’s blood pressure is higher in the presence of a healthcare provider
Masked Hypertension is …
When a person has normal BP in office but high BP at home
Elevated BP
S: 120-129
D: <80
Stage 1 Hypertension
S: 130-139
D: 80-89
Stage 2 hypertension
S: >= 140
D >= 90
Initial steps in screening and diagnosis…
1: accurate assessment of BP
2: Identification of signs that suggest primary vs secondary
3: screening for other cardiovascular risk factors
4: assessment for possible white coat hypertension or masked hypertension
Diagnosis should be made on..
-an average of two or more readings taken on two or more occasions
- out of the office or home blood pressure readings are recommended to confirm
- if diagnosed, woman should be referred to a physician to establish a plan for care and monitoring
Disorders associated with secondary hypertension
hyperthyroidism
kidney disease
Cushing’s syndrome
Meds: cocaine, amphetamines, and NSAIDs
Should recommend pharmacologic tx with BP?
130/80 or higher
If hypertension detected, lab evals should also include:
fasting blood glucose
thyroid studies
serum creatnine
lipid profile
serum sodium, potassium, and calcium –> metabolic panel
electrocardiogram
Tx of Primary Hypertension
Modifiable lifestyle changes: weight loss, nutritional counseling like low sodium, exercise, smoking cessation, mod of alcohol consumption
- weight loss as little a 10 lbs can help lower BP
Elevated BP tx
lifestyle changes and reeval in 3-6 months
