Primary Hyperparathyroidism Flashcards
1
Q
Most common causes? - 3
A
Adenoma - 85-95%
Hyperplasia - 5-10%
Carcinoma - 1%
2
Q
Epidimiolagy - 2
A
Mostly in woman
Above 50
3
Q
Adenomas - Common mutations - 3
A
Cyclin-D1 - changed location - 10-20%
Cyclin-D1 - over - expression - 40%
Sporadic mutation of MEN1 - 20-30%
4
Q
DD Adenomas v Hyperplasia
A
Adenomas will only appear in 1 gland, hyperplasia will be in more then 1
5
Q
Adenoma - microscopy - 3
A
no fat
hyper cellularity
mostly chief cells
6
Q
Carcinoma - when will we suspect? - 3
A
- Palpable mass
- Hoarseness
- High calcium and PTH
7
Q
Carcinoma - Common mutations - 2
A
Cyclin -D1 - over expression - 90%
Familial mutation in HPRT2 - creates Parafibromin, a protein that can be colored and hints at carcinoma
8
Q
Cracinoma - Prognosis - 4
A
1\3 of cases - recurrences
1\3 of cases - distant metastasis
5yr survival - 85%
10yr survival - 49%
