Primary Health

Question 1

A new virus infecting a human population for the first time. Which of the following is most likely to lead to a rapid increase in cases worldwide
A. Severe disease with high mortality
B. Lack of hand hygiene
C. Air travel
D. High transmissibility

Answer 1

D. High transmissibility

Question 2

The school nurse is caring for a child with haemophilia who is actively bleeding from the leg. Which of the following would the nurse apply?
A. Direct pressure, checking every few minutes to see if the bleeding has stopped
B. Ice to the injured leg area several times a day
C. Direct pressure to the injured area continuously for 10 minutes
D. Ice bag with elevation of the leg twice a day

Answer 2

C. Direct pressure to the injured area continuously for 10 minutes

Question 3

Which of the following viruses is usually transmitted by airborne droplets?
A. Varicella zoster virus
B. Cytomegalovirus
C. Herpes simplex virus
D. Hepatitis a virus

Answer 3

A. Varicella zoster virus

Question 4

Several high school seniors are referred to the school nurse because of suspected alcohol misuse. When the nurse assesses the situation, which of the following would be most important to determine?
A. What they know about the legal implications of drinking
B. The type of alcohol they usually drink
C. The reasons they choose to use alcohol
D. When and with whom they use alcohol

Answer 4

C. The reasons they choose to use alcohol

Question 5

When a trauma victim expresses fear that AIDS may develop as a result of a blood transfusion, the nurse should explain that?
A. Blood is treated with radiation to kill the virus
B. Screening for HIV antibodies has minimised the risk
C. The ability to directly identify HIV has eliminated this concern
D. Consideration should be given to donating own blood for transfusion

Answer 5

B. Screening for HIV antibodies has minimised the risk

Question 6

The school nurse is invited to attend a meeting with several parents who express frustration with the amount of time their adolescents spend in front of the mirror and the length of time it takes them to get dressed. The nurse explains that this behaviour is indicative of which of the following?
A. An abnormal narcissism
B. A method of procrastination
C. A way of testing the parents limit setting
D. A result of developing self concept

Answer 6

D. A result of developing self concept

Question 7

A parent asks the nurse about head lice (pediculosis capitis) infestation during a visit to the clinic. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse tell the parent is most common in a child infected with head lice?
A. Itching of the scalp
B. Scaling of the scalp
C. Serous weeping of the scalp surface
D. Pinpoint haemorrhagic spots on the scalp surface

Answer 7

A. Itching of the scalp

Question 8

After teaching the parents about the cause of ringworm of the scalp (tinea capitis), which of the following, if stated by the father, indicates successful teaching?
A. Over exposure to the sun
B. Infestation with a mite
C. Fungal infection of the scalp
D. An allergic reaction

Answer 8

C. Fungal infection of the scalp

Question 9

Margaret asks you to give a teaching session to the mothers about hepatitis B. What would be your first action in implementing this session?
A. Access a video and pamphlets about hep B
B. Set a time and date immediately with the teacher
C. Arrange for the mothers to come and visit your clinic
D. Meet with the mothers and teacher to arrange a suitable time

Answer 9

A. Access a video and pamphlets about hep B

Question 10

Immunity that results from antibodies that pass the placenta from mother to foetus is called
A. Active immunity
B. Natural passive immunity
C. Autoimmunity
D. Natural active immunity

Answer 10

B. Natural passive immunity

Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system. A new born baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta.

Question 11

Immunity that develops with exposure to various antigens is called?
A. Passive immunity
B. Acquired immunity
C. Autoimmunity

Answer 11

B. Acquired immunity

Question 12

Autoimmune disease occurs when?
A. Antibodies fail to recognise own tissue as an antigen
B. Antigens fail to stimulate antibody response
C. Antibodies identify own tissue as an antigen
D. Antibody production ceases

Answer 12

C. Antibodies identify own tissue as an antigen

Question 13

Increased incidence of meningitis led to the introduction of a new vaccine into the new Zealand immunization schedule in 1994. The causative organism of this disease is?
A. Beta A streptococcus
B. Respiratory syncytial virus
C. Haemophilus influenza
D. Neisseria meningitis

Answer 13

D. Neisseria meningitis

Question 14

In active immunisation:
A. The immune system attacks normal body cells
B. The body receives antibodies produced by another person
C. Genes for antibodies are introduced into the body
D. The body is deliberately exposed to an antigen

Answer 14

B. The body receives antibodies produced by another person

Question 15

You return to your office and receive a call from a man stating he is Suzie’s father. He says, ‘I believe you think I have been hitting my daughter’. Your response is>
A. Suzie told me you had been hitting her
B. I won’t discuss this with you at the moment
C. It would be better if you rang the school
D. I can’t discuss this on the phone

Answer 15

B. I won’t discuss this with you at the moment

Question 16

As a community nurse at the school you are asked to see Suzie who has unexplained bruising on her arms and legs. Your initial assessment indicates she has been abused. Your first professional responsibility is to?
A. Contact the child protection coordinator
B. Contact the child’s parents
C. Contact the police
D. Carry out a full physical examination

Answer 16

A. Contact the child protection coordinator

Question 17

The immunization usually given at 3 months of age provides protection against
A. Diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, haemophilus influenza
B. Diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza
C. Diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, haemophilus influenza
D. Diphtheria, tetanus, polio, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza

Answer 17

B. Diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, hepatitis B, haemophilus influenza

Question 18

Which of the following would support a diagnosis of chickenpox
A. Chills, headache, malaise
B. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
C. Kopliks spots, photo phobia, fever (meningitis)
D. Sore throat, chills, fever

Answer 18

A. Chills, headache, malaise

Question 19

You are a practice nurse and Kevin’s mother asks for advice on how to care for Kevin at home as he has chickenpox. Aims of care for Kevin are?
A. Ensure rest and relieve itching
B. Maintain hydration and isolate Kevin
C. Maintain hydration and relieve itching
D. Ensure rest and isolate Kevin

Answer 19

C. Maintain hydration and relieve itching

Question 20

Kevin has chickenpox. Hs mother asks you when she can send him back to kindergarten. You advise?
A. When all spots have gone
B. In one weeks time if temperature is normal
C. He is not contagious now spots have appeared
D. When all spots are dry and crusted

Answer 20

D. When all spots are dry and crusted

Question 21

The long term consequences of Chlamydia is most likely to be?
A. Menorrhagia
B. Chronic vaginitis
C. Chronic cervicitis
D. Sterility

Answer 21

D. Sterility

Question 22

The first symptom of syphilis is?
A. A generalised rash all over the body
B. A sore or ulcer on the genitals
C. Abdominal pain in the male
D. Purulent vaginal discharge

Answer 22

B. A sore or ulcer on the genitals

Question 23

The first symptom of gonorrhoea is usually?
A. Lower abdominal pain
B. A sore or ulcer on the genitals
C. Purulent vaginal discharge in the female
D. Urethral discharge in the male

Answer 23

D. Urethral discharge in the male

Question 24

A parent asks why it is recommended that the second dose of the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine be given by 12 years of age. The nurse responds based on which of the following as the most important reason
A. The risks to a foetus are high if a girl receiving the vaccine becomes pregnant
B. The chance of contracting the disease is much lower after puberty than before it
C. The dangers associated with a strong reaction to the vaccine are increased after puberty
D. The changes that occur in the immunologic system may affect the rhythm of the menstrual cycle

Answer 24

A. The risks to a foetus are high if a girl receiving the vaccine becomes pregnant

Question 25

A patient is treated at a clinic with an injection of long acting penicillin for a streptococcal throat infection. Her history reveals that she has received penicillin before with no allergic responses. When the penicillin injection is administered, the nurse should inform the patient that
A. She must wait in the clinic area for 20 minutes before she is discharged
B. Since she has taken penicillin before without problems, she can safely take it now
C. She would have immediate symptoms if she had developed an allergy to penicillin
D. She should monitor for fever and skin rash typical of serum sickness after taking penicillin

Answer 25

A. She must wait in the clinic area for 20 minutes before she is discharged

Question 26

A mother tells the nurse that one of her children has chicken pox and asks what she should do to care for that child. When teaching the mother, which of the following would be most important to prevent>
A. Acid base imbalance
B. Malnutrition
C. Skin infection
D. Respiratory infection

Answer 26

C. Skin infection

Question 27

Which of the following is not a notifiable disease in New Zealand?
A. Salmonella
B. Strep throat
C. Chickenpox
D. Whooping cough

Answer 27

C. Chickenpox

Question 28

The recommended immunisation schedule for measles is:
A. 12 months and 15 months of age
B. 15 months and 4 years of age
C. 6 weeks, 3 months and 5 months of age
D. 5 months and 4 years of age

Answer 28

A. 12 months and 15 months of age

Question 29

The student tells you her family doesn’t believe in vaccinations. What is the most appropriate response to this statement?
A. “Are you aware of the serious consequences of not vaccinating”
B. “Do you have some questions about this decision?”
C. “There are articles and pamphlets available about this. Would you like them?”
D. “That seems like an irresponsible decision to make”

Answer 29

B. “Do you have some questions about this decision?”