Primary FRCA Course Equipment Exam Prep Questions Flashcards
Concerning cryogenic liquid systems
Recommended on-site storage capacity is 4 days
False. 14 days
Concerning cryogenic liquid systems
One volume of liquid oxygen gives 130 times its volume of gas
False. 842 times its volume. 130 is the figure for a J size oxygen cylinder.
Concerning cyrogenic liquid systems
Pressure inside vacuum insulated evaporator is 4 Bar
False. 10.5 Bar
Concerning cyrogenic liquid systems
Heating of gaseous oxygen is required at the outlet
True. A heat exchanger is used
Concerning cryogenic liquid systems
Cylinder back-up is required
True.
Concerning medical gas cylinders
Titanium is most often used for making cylinders
False. Modern cylinders are made from Molybdenum steel, high-carbon manganese steel or light-weigh steel aluminium composite.
Concerning medical gas cylinders
In the UK oxygen cylinders are colour coded as blue
False. In the UK oxygen cylinders are colour coded as white. Colour coding only refers to the shoulder of the cylinder.
Concerning medical gas cylinders
Gauge pressure in a full molybdenum steel oxygen cylinder should read 137 Bar
True. This is true for traditional molybdenum steel cylinders. However, its’ 230 Bar or 300 Bar in lightweight steel aluminium composite cylinders.
Concerning medical gas cylinders
Nitrous oxide cylinders contains liquid
True. Up to 95% of Nitrous Oxide in cylinder is in liquid state.
Concerning medical gas cylinders
Size E oxygen cylinders contain 1800 litres
False. It contains 680 Litres of oxygen
Regarding piped gas supply
Pipes are made of aluminium alloy
False. They are made of copper
Regarding piped gas supply
Pressure in medical air pipe is 7 Bar
False. It is 4 Bar for Medical Air and 7 Bar for Surgical Air
Regarding piped gas supply
Schrader sockets and probes are used on the back of the anaesthetic machine to prevent inadvertent misconnection of gas supply
False. Schrader sockets and probes are used to connect to terminal outlets for medical gases. NIST is used to connect to anaesthetic machines.
Regarding piped gas supply
Schrader probes are of different size for different gases
False. No, they are the same but Schrader sockets are unique for each gas
Regarding piped gas supply
Pressure in oxygen pipe is the same as in nitrous oxide pipe
True. Pressure in all gas pipes is 4 Bar apart from Surgical Air (7 Bar).
The emergency oxygen flush
Bypasses the flowmeter block
True. Emergency oxygen feeds into the system just before common gas outlet hence bypasses flowmeter block.
The emergency oxygen flush
Should provide a flow of at least 20 litres/min
False. It should provide at least 35 L/min to match inspiratory flow rate
The emergency oxygen flush
It should be possible to lock it in the on position
False. There is no locking facility to prevent barotrauma
The emergency oxygen flush
Incorporates a pressure limiting valve to prevent barotrauma
False. There is no such valve.
The emergency oxygen flush
Use may lead to awareness
True. Yes, especially in case of inhalational anaesthesia as it will dilute anaesthetic agent concentration delivered to a patient
Regarding suction
Can be generated using Venturi system
True. Yes, but it requires about 20 L/min of oxygen hence it’s wasteful and rarely used.
Regarding suction
Should be able to generate unrestricted flow greater than 40 l/min
False. 25 L/min is a required displacement capacity of suction system.
Regarding suction
Should be able to generate negative pressure of more than 500 mmHg in 10 seconds
True. This is how one checks the performance of the suction system simply by kinking the tubing and observing the pressure gauge.
Regarding suction
Tubing should be of low resistance but high compliance
False. Both resistance and compliance should be low to prevent collapsing under negative pressure.
Regarding suction
Float controls are essential parts to protect the patient
False. Float controls are there to protect the system.
Flowmeters on the anaesthetic machine
Are constant pressure, variable orifice devices
True. This is the definition of a flowmeter.
Flowmeters on the anaesthetic machine
Readings are taken from the bottom of the bobbin
False. Readings are taken from the top of the bobbin.
Flowmeters on the anaesthetic machine
Bobbins are universal for all medical gases
False. Bobbins are specific for each gas.
Flowmeters on the anaesthetic machine
The tube is a cylindrical shape
False. The flowmeter tube is a conical shape.
Flowmeters on the anaesthetic machine
The flow control knobs are colour coded
True. The flow control knobs are colour coded for specific gases.
Regarding plenum vaporisers
Temperature compensation is not required
False. Temperature compensation is a feature of all plenum vaporisers and is achieved mainly by large metal capacity and bimetallic strips.
Regarding plenum vaporisers
The output is independent of the gas flow
False. The output is calibrated only between 0.5 and 15 L/min.
Regarding plenum vaporisers
TEC 6 vaporiser is heated to 23.5 C
False. TEC 6 is heated to 39C. 23.5C is boiling temperature of Desflurane.
Regarding plenum vaporisers
Splitting ratio ensures better vaporisation
False. Splitting ratio ensures saturation of fresh gas flow with anaesthetic vapour.
Regarding plenum vaporisers
Latent heat of vaporisation reduces agent concentration
True. This is true based on a fact that when any substance changes from liquid to vapour (or solid to liquid), heat must be supplied despite change of state taking place at constant temp. When liquid vaporises its temperature falls therefore compensation required otherwise SVP falls and delivered concentration falls.
Concerning Soda Lime
Heat is produced in the process of its action
True. It is an exothermic reaction
Concerning Soda Lime
The largest component is sodium hydroxide
False. The largest component calcium hydroxide (80%)
Concerning Soda Lime
Usually presented as a powder
False. It is presented in granules
Concerning Soda Lime
May react with sevoflurane to produce carbon monoxide
False. This happens with Desflurane during prolonged use of low flow. Sevoflurane at low flows may lead to a build up of compound A.
Concerning Soda Lime
1 kg will absorb about 100 litres of CO2
False. 1 kg absorbs about 250 litres of CO2.
Regarding scavenging
Maximum recommended concentrations for Nitrous oxide in theatre are 100 ppm
True. According to Pollution - COSSH 1996 guidelines UK: N2O 100 ppm
Regarding scavenging
It is attached to breathing systems with a 22mm connection
False. It is a 30 mm connector
Regarding scavenging
Pressure relief valves are incorporated in passive systems to maintain pressure within the -50 to 1000 Pa range
True.
Regarding scavenging
Active scavenging systems incorporate a reservoir that is open to the atmosphere
True. Components of active scavenging system include Collection, Transfer, Receiving, and Disposal. Receiving part is represented by a reservoir with positive and negative pressure relief valves.
Regarding scavenging
Active systems and suction use the same vacuum supply
False. These are two separate systems.
Regarding breathing systems
There is no Mapleson classification for a circle system
True. Mapleson classification only includes semi-open systems
Regarding breathing systems
The circle system has the lowest minimum fresh gas flow requirement of all commonly used systems
True. This is one of the main advantages of using circle system
Regarding breathing systems
During spontaneous ventilation, Mapleson D and E systems have the same minimum fresh gas flow requirement to prevent rebreathing
True. Mapleson D and E systems both require high flow rate during spontaneous ventilation to prevent re-breathing.
Regarding breathing systems
Mapleson E system can only be used with spontaneously breathing patients
False. This is not true as one a thumb to occlude the system and provide inspiration. Releasing a thumb will ensure expiration.
Regarding breathing systems
The Mapleson A system functions as a T-piece if the bag is removed
False. Mapleson A differs from T-piece in the way that fresh gas flow is not delivered at the patient’s end, hence it does not function as T-piece.
Concerning Nitrous Oxide cylinders
The amount of N2O can be calculated using Charles’s law
False. It does not apply
Concerning Nitrous Oxide cylinders
The amount of N2O can be calculated using Boyle’s law
False. Boyle’s law is used to calculate the content of a cylinder containing gas only as N2O is a mixture of liquid and gas in a cylinder
Concerning Nitrous Oxide cylinders
The filling ration in the UK is 0.85
False. It is 0.75 in the UK and 0.67 in hotter climates
Concerning Nitrous Oxide cylinders
The knowledge of molecular weight of N2O is required to calculate the remaining amount
True. MW of N2O (44) is required as well as Avogadro’s number (22.4), cylinder’s weight and cylinder’s weight when empty.
Concerning Nitrous Oxide cylinders
The size is determined by the cylinder weight when empty
False. The size is determined by the water capacity of the cylinder
The Desflurane Tec 6 vaporiser
The vaporisation chamber is heated to a temperature of 23.5˚C
False. It is heated to 39˚C
The Desflurane Tec 6 vaporiser
The vaporisation chamber is pressurised to approximately 200 kPa
True. 2 bar.
The Desflurane Tec 6 vaporiser
Is an example of a variable bypass vaporiser
False. It is different from ordinary TEC vaporizers to provide very accurate electronically controlled gas injection of Desflurane into carrier gas. It is called measure flow vaporiser.
The Desflurane Tec 6 vaporiser
Fresh gas flow never goes through the vaporising chamber
True. The vaporising chamber is completely sealed so FGF joins the gas flow from the chamber near the outlet of the vaporiser
The Desflurane Tec 6 vaporiser
Incorporates a differential pressure transducer
True. This is one of it’s integral features.
Regarding breathing system components
The standard adult reservoir bag size is 1 litre
False. 2 litres
Regarding breathing system components
Reservoir bags limit the pressure within the breathing system to 40 cm H2O
True.
Regarding breathing system components
When fully open, the adjustable pressure limiting (APL) valve requires a pressure of 2-5 cm H2O to allow exhalation of gasses
False.
Regarding breathing system components
The pressure across an APL valve is limited to a maximum of 50 cm H2O
False. It is limited to 60 cm H2O.
Regarding breathing system components
All connections except those for scavenging are 15 or 22mm
True. The only different size connector is of scavenging tune that is 30 cm H2O
The following are safety features of a modern anaesthetic workstation
Emergency oxygen flush
True.
The following are safety features of a modern anaesthetic workstation
NIST connections
True.
The following are safety features of a modern anaesthetic workstation
Colour coded pressure gauges
True.
The following are safety features of a modern anaesthetic workstation
Ohmeda Link 25 system
True. This system prevents the output gas being hypoxic when using N2O.
The following are safety features of a modern anaesthetic workstation
Colour coded cylinder bodies
False. It is the shoulders of the cylinder that are colour coded.
Regarding the oxygen supply failure alarm
Activation is dependent solely on oxygen supply pressure
True.
Regarding the oxygen supply failure alarm
It eliminates the possibility of anoxic gas mixtures
False.
Regarding the oxygen supply failure alarm
It is coupled to a valve that interrupts the flow of anaesthetic gases
True.
Regarding the oxygen supply failure alarm
It requires oxygen in the back-up cylinder as a power source
False.
Regarding the oxygen supply failure alarm
Requires an electrical power source for its audible component
False.
Concerning Vacuum Insulated Evapouriser
It contains only liquid oxygen
False. It is a mixture of liquid oxygen with gas on top
Concerning Vacuum Insulated Evapouriser
The temperature inside is -119˚C
False. The temperature is -150 to -180
Concerning Vacuum Insulated Evapouriser
The blow-off valve opens at 1000 kPa
False. It opens at 1500 kPa. 15 bar.
Concerning Vacuum Insulated Evapouriser
The pressure inside is less than 100 kPa
False. It is 1000 kPa.
Concerning Vacuum Insulated Evapouriser
Amount of oxygen inside is determined by pressure gauge
False. By weight.
Concerning Mapleson D (Bain circuit)
Fresh gas flow is delivered via inner tube
True.
Concerning Mapleson D (Bain circuit)
Is a type of T-piece system
True.
Concerning Mapleson D (Bain circuit)
Is more efficient for controlled ventilation than spontaneous
True.
Concerning Mapleson D (Bain circuit)
Could be used with low-flow anaesthesia
False. it relies on a high flow to prevent CO2 rebreathing.
Concerning Mapleson D (Bain circuit)
Better for controlled ventilation due to high resistance to breathing
False. It is due to the fact that exhaled dead space gas goes into the bag and is rebreathed but exhaled alveolar gas vents through the APL valve.
In circle system
A unidirectional valve must be located between patient and reservoir bag only on the expiratory limb
False.
In circle system
Fresh gas flow cannot enter between patient and expiratory valve
True.
In circle system
APL valve can be located between patient and inspiratory valve
False.
In circle system
Soda lime is always essential for use
False. if exhausted high flows can still be used and will effectively work as a semi-open system
In circle system
Scavenging is easier compared to Jackson Rees circuit
True.
The variable bypass vaporisers currently available
Are based on the principle of dilution of the vapour produced in the vaporising chamber by a bypass gas stream
True.
The variable bypass vaporisers currently available
Deviate the major part of the gas flow though a channel which bypasses the vaporising chamber
True.
The variable bypass vaporisers currently available
Completely saturate the carrier gas passing through the vaporising chamber with anaesthetic vapour
True.
The variable bypass vaporisers currently available
Have a comparatively high resistance to flow
True. Compared to draw-over vaporisers. 2 kPa at 5 L/min of flow.
The variable bypass vaporisers currently available
Have a temperature sensitive valve that reduces flow through the vaporiser when cooled
False. It has bimetallic strip which increases flow when cooled.
Regarding anaesthetic machines
It is recommended that vaporisers be removed from the machine prior to filling them
False.
Regarding anaesthetic machines
Tilting vaporisers can result in a delivery of a dangerously high concentration of vapour
True.
Regarding anaesthetic machines
The oxygen failure alarm should be checked weekly by disconnection of the oxygen hose
True.
Regarding anaesthetic machines
The anti-hypoxia device should ensure that when nitrous oxide is used at least 25% oxygen also flows
True.
Regarding anaesthetic machines
The AAGBI anaesthetic machine checklist includes checking the scavenging system
True.
