primary brain tumors - gliomas

Question 1

glial cells

Answer 1

group of cells that support, insulate and metabolically assist the neurons

astrocytes

oligodendrytes

ependymal cells

Question 2

astrocytes

Answer 2

provide nutrition for neurons

Question 3

oligodendrocytes

Answer 3

produce myelin for the axons of neurons

Schwann cells in the PNS

Question 4

ependymal cells

Answer 4

line the ventricles and produce CSF

Question 5

Low grade astrocytoma

Answer 5

grade 1

grade 2

Question 6

grade 1 Low grade astrocytoma

Answer 6

composed of fiber shaped cells

pilocytic

Question 7

grade 2 Low grade astrocytoma

Answer 7

may be diffuse, infiltrative and/or fibrillary

Question 8

clinical manifestations Low grade astrocytoma in children

Answer 8

appear in cerebellum

causing unilateral cerebellar ataxia following increased ICP

Question 9

clinical manifestations Low grade astrocytoma in adults

Answer 9

located in the cerebellum

initial symptoms include unilateral or focal head aches

frontal lobe

parietal and temporal lobe

occipital lobe

Question 10

frontal lobe Low grade astrocytoma

Answer 10

personality disorders

changes in behavior

changes in emotional state

Question 11

parietal and temporal lobe

Answer 11

seizures unilaterally

Question 12

occipital lobe

Answer 12

visual changes

Question 13

high grade astrocytoma

Answer 13

diffusely infiltrative tumors that invade into the cerebral parenchyma

grade 3

grade 4

Question 14

grade 3 high grade astrocytoma

Answer 14

anaplastic

Question 15

grade 4 high grade astrocytoma

Answer 15

glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)

Question 16

GBM high grade astrocytoma

Answer 16

rapid growing

aggressive

infiltrative tumor that invades both cerebral hemispheres via the corpus collosum

Question 17

what does GBM look like high grade astrocytoma

Answer 17

pinkish, gray or multicolored

well de-marcated mass w/ scattered areas of visible hemorrhage

Question 18

clinical manifestations high grade astrocytoma

Answer 18

most frequently occur in 50-60 yr olds

Question 19

signs and symptoms high grade astrocytoma

Answer 19

unilateral headache and seizures

lethargy

memory loss

motor weakness

personality changes

Question 20

oligodendroglioma

Answer 20

grey-pink to red cystic area of brain

honeycomb appearance at low magnification

@ high magnification has a fried egg appearance

Question 21

clinical manifestations oligodendroglioma

Answer 21

hallmark is calcification seen radiologically

Question 22

ependymoma

Answer 22

derived from the ependymal cell lining of the ventricles

more prevalent in children

Question 23

how does ependymoma look

Answer 23

reddish

lobulated

well circumscribed

cauliflower shape

Question 24

clinical manifestations ependymoma

Answer 24

most common in 4th ventricle

papilledema (swelling around optic nerves)

Question 25

medulloblastoma age of peak incidence adults

Answer 25

45-55 yr old adults

Question 26

medulloblastoma in children

Answer 26

2-10 yrs old

most common malignant primary CNS tumor in children

second most common posterior fossa tumor in children

Question 27

medulloblastoma

Answer 27

rapidly growing malignant tumor presumes to arise from the embryonal external granular layer of the cerebellum

Question 28

medulloblastoma looks

Answer 28

red (high vascular)

soft

composed of many close packed cells w/ oval nuclei and many mitoses

Question 29

clinical manifestations medulloblastoma

Answer 29

hydrocephalus

cerebellar dysfunction (ataxia)