PRIMARY Flashcards
Equipment - Magnetic compass. When to check it (SOLAS)
a.) they are first Installed;
b.) they become unrellable;
c.) the ship undergoes structural repairs or alterations that could affect
Its permanent and induced magnetism;
d.) electrical or magnetic equipment close to the compass is added,
removed or altered; or,
e.) a period of two years has elapsed since the last adjustment and a
record of compass devlations has not been maintalned, or the recorded
deviations are excessive or when the compass shows physical defects.
Equipment - Magnetic Compass - When to check and frequency?
After every large alteration of course
at least once every watch
Emergency - COLLISION - Action in the event of a collision
ASS MAP FACTS MAIB
Collision
A Alarm- sound general alarm
S Shut watertight doors and fire screen doors
S Switch deck lighting on at night
M Muster Crew
A Any injured or missing persons?
P Precise Location of Damage/fire?
F Fix position- check chart
A Any navigational hazards?
C Comms- VHF Channel 16 & 13
T Tanks and Bilges to be sounded
S Speed/course of V/L?
M Manoeuvre ship minimise effects
A Assistance to other ship
I Inform Coastal State Authority
B Broadcast Distress Alert and message or Urgency to ships in vicinity
When to call the Master? Standing orders example.
SURF BIRD CAT
S- Security concerns
U- Unexpected sighting or navigational event
R- Restricted Visibility
F- Failure to sight land, a navigation mark or obtain soundings by expected time
B- Breakdown: Engines, Prop Remote Control, steering gear, essential nav equip I- Ice or a derelict: Hazard to Navigation such as winds/TRS
R- Radio Equipment Malfunction
D- Doubt about damage in Heavy Weather
C- Course: difficulties in maintaining it
A- Any emergency or if in any doubt
T- Traffic Conditions or movements of other ships
Procedures - Anchoring -
Plan: DR P TOWNS
Pre arrival : CAMBERS
Risk Assessment: THE DEPTHS
Monitoring: DB OVERLAND
Anchoring P.P.R.M. Plan
D- Depth of Water
R- Rise and fall of Tide
P- Permission to use anchorage
R- Reporting- to port authority, position etc
T- Traffic
O- Obstructions
W- Weather and local winds
N- Nature of Seabed
S- Scope of Cable
Pre-Arrival
C- Communications- engine room and anchor party informed of ‘standby’
A- Anchor Ball and Lights
M- Main Engines and Thrusters
B- Briefing
E- Equipment for Anchoring including power supply
R- Radars and Compasses
S- Steering
Risk Assessment
‘P.P.E. & Flying Debris’ Safety Shoes, Goggles, Hard Hat, Clothing, Ear Defenders
T– Trained and Competent Crew H– Heavy Machinery
E- Electrical
D– Drop anchor on another vessel
E– Equipment Failure
P– Premature Release
T– Trapped by Cable
H– Hit by cable
S– Slips, trips and falls
Monitoring
D- Determine and plot the ships position on appropriate chart ASAP
B- Bearings, transits, stern circle and bridge circle, ECDIS XCheck, PIs, Off-set EBL
O- Observe meteorological and tidal conditions and the state of the sea
V- Visibility deteriorates call the master
E- Engines to be ready, as well as other machinery- Master’s wishes
R- Rounds of inspection of the ship are made periodically
L- Look-out must be maintained properly
A- Appropriate lights/shapes exhibited and appropriate sound signals N- Notify the Master, undertake necessary measures if ship drags anchor
D- Do not pollute, protect the environment and comply with regulations
Emergency - Main Engine Failure - Procedure
Steering failure -
ITALIAN
Main Engine Failure
I Inform Master
T Take action to manoeuvre ship away from danger
A Anchoring- prepare for anchoring if in shallow water
L Lights/Shapes NUC to be exhibited
I Inform VTS or port authority, if in controlled waters
A AIS- Modify AIS status message
N Notify- Broadcast Urgency message ships in vicinity if appropriate
Emergency - Flooding - Procedure
ACT LES BAMBI
Flooding
Alarm: sound the general emergency alarm
Close Watertight Doors if fitted
Tanks and Bilges to be sounded
Location of incoming water identified
Electrical Power running through the area to be cut off
Shore up area to stem water flow
Bilge pump to be checked for operation
Auxiliary pumps to be checked for backup op as required
Make ship’s position available GMDSS, sat terminal, distress transmitters
Broadcast Distress Alert & Message if required or Urgency to ships in vicinity
Inform Coastal State Authorities if appropriate
Emergency - FIRE - Procedures
SS CC RR PASS DAMP OBAMA
Fire
S Shut vents, dampers, fans, fire & watertight doors & skylights
S Sound Fire Alarm
C Crew Muster
C Communications established
R Report and locate missing and injured crew members
R Recognize location of fire and notify all on board
P Position to be fixed- check chart, logbook
A Any Nav Hazards/Risk of Collision
S Speed and Course of Vessel- Engine Room Fire? ROC?
S Stability- Swimming Pool, Jacuzzi, need to dump
D Determine class of fire
A Appropriate extinguishing agent
M Method of attack (Boundary cooling)
P Prevent the spread of the fire
O Organise necessary personnel and fire fighting methods
B Broadcast Distress Alert or Urgency Message to ships in vicinity
A At Night, switch on Deck Lighting
M Make Ship’s position available to GMDSS
A Authorities informed if appropriate- coastal state
Script - Stand on Vessel - SHALL MAY SHALL
I AM THE STAND ON VESSEL. I SHALL MAINTAIN MY COURSE AND SPEED.
I MAY, HOWEVER, TAKE ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION BY MY MANOEUVRE ALONE AS SOON AS IT BECOMES APPARENT THAT THE VESSEL REQUIRED TO KEEP OUT OF THE WAY IS NOT TAKING APPROPRIATE ACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH THESE RULES.
IF SO, I WILL SOUND 5 SHORT AND RAPID BLASTS, ENGAGE HAND STEERING AND INFORM THE MASTER. IF THERE IS STILL NO RESPONSE, I WILL SOUND ONE SHORT BLAST AND ALTER COURSE TO STARBOARD.
I SHALL NOT ALTER TO PORT IN THE MAY STAGE
I SHALL TAKE SUCH ACTION AS WILL BEST AID TO AVOID COLLISION
Passage Planning - APEM
Appraisal:
* Gather together all the information and resources needed to carry out the planning stage.
Including: Admiralty tide tables, Charts (plus 5011 catalogue), Admiralty Sailing Directions (pilot books/details of individual pilotage details for each port, pictures of port and buoys in the area etc). Admiralty List of Lights and fog signals, Admiralty list of radio signals, Weather Information (NAVTEX, Shipping Forecast, Weatherfax or other weather programme)
Planning:
* Using all the information gathered in the appraisal to create a charted plan that can be followed during the voyage.
Including: Course lines/Ground Track, Navigational Features (features that could be used for position indication or nav hazards that should be given a wide berth), wheel-over points/WP’s, passage log (WP positions, ETA’s, ETD’s, distance to run), anchorage points, Parallel index lines, reporting points (with VHS channels for VTS)
Execution:
* Using the passage plan to navigate safely (following COLREG’s and BPG) ensuring any changes to the original plan are ok’d by the master before execution.
Monitoring:
* Reverting/referring to the original plan at regular intervals, ensuring there has been no deviation from the original plan (if so then why has there been a deviation and is this acceptable?). Frequent position checks (by all means available – Visual/Radar/GPS/Astro) and forward planning by monitoring future stages of the plan.
Log books - Contents of an Official Log Book
Page 1 - Front Cover
Page 2 to 7 - Record of Seaman employed on the ship
Page 8 & 9 - Births and Deaths
Pages 10 to 14 - Record of musters, boat drills etc
Pages 15 to 18 - Steering gear (Test drills and inspections)
Pages 19 to 23 - Crew accomodation inspections
Pages 24 to 28 - Food and water inspections
Page 29 - Load line
Pages 30 to 39 - Dates of departure/arrival at each dock
Pages 40 to 76 - Narrative section
ECDIS - How do we know an ECDIS is up to date ?
2 fictitious charts - zoom into a supplied lat long and confirm the images seen match that on the PDF
It will not be possible to view the new symbols if the ECDIS symbols have not been updated to the most recent version of S-52
Backup power
Type approval certificate
Form E
3 inputs
Sticker MDE
ECDIS - How do I know if my ECDIS is approved?
SOLAS
Type approval certificate and a plaque on the unit itself
It will also be mentioned on the Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Cert - Form E
Connection to emergency power UPS
Inputs - Gyro, speed log, GPS,
Adequate, independent Back up arrangement in place
Be maintained to IHO standards
Charts should be updated
Signing on as Master
Upon conclusion that you are happy to take command;
Fill out front cover of OLB with name and CoC
Outgoing Captain to sign relinquishing command- date, time, location
Incoming Captain to sign taking command - date, time location
MARPOL ANNEX VI - AIr Pollution Nox and Sox Emission Rate / ECA’S
MSN 1819
NOX : Tier levels 1,2 and 3. All engines over 400Gt issued with an EIAPP along with a NoX technical file to comply with standards
SOX: All EU ports have a sulphur emission rate of 0.1% in Emission Control Areas (ECA’s)
As of 2020 (IMO 2020), 0.5% outside of ECA’s Globally down from 3.5%
ECA’S - Baltic, North, North America, Caribbean
GMDSS Radio Log Book - Who requires it and what is in it?
Vessels over 300GT
Master to Sign Every day!
GOC holders may only contribute
Daily, weekly and monthly tests
Comms distress urgency and safety
Important incidents including servicing
Where appropriate, position of the ship once a day
CREW: What certificates do all crew need?
STCW
ENG1
Discharge Book
Passport
SEA
Additionally, dependant on rank:
COC (& CEC) (ECDIS Type Specific and Generic)
Ships cook
Deck rating
Engineers
MLC - Hours of Rest and it’s requirements
Minimum 10 hours in a 24 hour period
Minimum 77 hours in a 7 day week
The daily hours of
rest may be divided into no more than two periods, one of which must be at least 6 hours
long. Those two periods must in total provide at least 10 hours rest.
MLC - Hours of Rest for young persons? Min age 16
12 hours rest in a 24 hour period
2 days off every week
MET - Encounter unexpected weather? SOLAS Reg 31. Masters Authority
The master of every ship which meets
dangerous ice,
a dangerous derelict,
or any other direct danger to navigation,
or a tropical storm,
or encounters sub-freezing air temperatures associated with gale force winds causing severe ice accretion on superstructures,
or winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort scale
for which no storm warning has been received, is bound to communicate the information by all means at his disposal to ships in the vicinity, and also to the competent authorities.
MET : Expected conditions of an approaching warm front
See attached
MET : Expected conditions of an approaching cold front
See attached
MET : Atlantic (Carribbean) Hurricane Season
J JASON
June - November
MET : Signs of an approaching TRS
(64 knots force 12 is hurricane speed)
Long swell from the centre of the storm
A corrected fall in pressure of 5mb will confirm within 200NM
Any deviation of the expected wind direction
Extensive high cloud and excellent visibility.
Animals-
MET: TRS Quadrants and action to take
Dangerous Semi circle: Norther Hemisphere
Dangerous quadrant (Advance right) - Wind on Starboard bow and best speed. Alter course to starboard as wind veers.
Navigable semi circle:
Wind on starboard quarter and best speed. Alter course to port as wind backs.
MET: TRS Why is it called the Dangerous Quadrant?
- Because the storm is likely to recurve that way (at 25 degree latitude)
- Wind and waves can push vessels into the path of the storm
- Apparent wind speed is higher due to the movement of the storm
MET - Sources of weather?
Look out the window!
Own ship
NP100
Sailing Directions
NP136 Ocean Passages of the world
Routing Charts
VHF
Navtex (ALRS Vol V)
Sat C
Weather routing services
Weather fax
Code of conduct - Some examples of gross misconduct
As per Code of conduct Merchant Navy
WASSABI LAD
Weapon possession
Assault
Sexual misconduct
Smuggling
Asleep (wheelhouse)
Behaviour contradicting safe work environment
Interference of the work of others
Lesser degree (After prior warnings)
Absence without a valid reason
Drug possession (Breach of drug and alcohol policy)
Code of conduct - How to deal with a breach of the code of conduct
Incident : Deal with the incident at hand
Investigate: Interview, report, photos, CCTV
Invite: Recorded letter (OLB) indicating breach, details of hearing and their rights.
Hearing: Witnessed and recorded
- Right to be accompanied
- Confirm charges involved
- Ask them to confirm or deny
If accepted, is there any mitigating circumstances causing the incident?
Use of SMS, Code of conduct, SEA - Did they endanger life?
Decide on fate, inform them in writing and annex to OLB
Approach the vessel:
(Newly appointed master arriving)
Check the condition of the vessel
Load line is clearly visible and not submerged
How it’s moored
Condition of the hull
Any damage to the hull?
Condition of lines and fenders
What is the vessel like and how is it being operated
Check the gangway for:
Security (Manned)
Expect to be challenged at the gangway for:
Photo ID
Letter of Appointment
Gangway correctly rigged and in condition
Safety net
Emergency Fire Plan
Lifebuoy
Escorted to Masters Office
(Newly appointed master - Check the Crew Certification)
Crew Certification:
Check MSMD to see what level of manning required
All original certification onboard
CoC’s and CeC’s
ENG1 - or recognized equivalent
SSO
GMDSS
ECDIS
HELM
F&H L2
Ships Cook Certificat
STCW - Fire fighting, sea survival, PSSR, First Aid, Security Awareness
Escorted to Masters Office
(Newly appointed master - Check the Crew Documention)
Check the following crew documentation:
SEA’s
SDB’s
Passport - Including Visa’s and Vaccinations
Crew Work schedules and HoR
INfo to be considered by Masters for a contemplated passage
Based on 5C’s
1. Compliance:
- Compliant with Flag
- Port state compliance
- Publications up-to date and relevant, all T’s and P’s as well as Nav warnings.
- Certification
- Certificates proving compliance are in date and will be for duration of voyage.
- Crew, passenger, equipment and cargo. - Crew
- Qualified, Experienced, Well rested and sufficient - Conduct:
- Safest most economical and efficient route
Taking into account:
- Distances
- Fuel and lube oil requirements
- Food and provision
- Sea room
- Danger zones
- Routing systems
- Reporting
- Nav hazards,
- Environmental considerations. - Conditions:
- Good condition
- All equipment maintained and that we have sufficient spares
- Stability and loading
- Draughts seaways, ports, anchorages
- Vessel Limitations
- manoeuvring
Q
How to conduct a passage plan by the master
- Managment Meeting
Navigation officer
Chief officer
Chief engineer
Chief stewardess
Chef - CAPTAIN
- Navigation officer
i. Safety Parameter
UKC and distance form land
ii. Departure times and ETA’s
iii. Routes and distances
iv. Contingencies x.
v. Reporting
vi. Routing
vii. Weather and tides
viii. Severe weather possibilities
ix. Nautical Publications
- C/O
i. Stability
ii. Load lines and draught requirements
iii. Bridge equipment
iv. Engine and Steering checks
v. Watches
vi. Security
vii. Work underway and sufficient supplies
viii. Heavy weather precautions vi. Water tight integrity
ix. Mooring stations
x. Pilots and tug arrangements - C/E
i. Sufficient Bunkers
ii. Sufficient spares
iii. Any upcoming work needed during
iv. All equipment in good order
v. Engineering watches
vi. Heavy weather securing
vii. DISCHARGE requirements (careful) - C/S
i. Stow interior
ii. Seasick crew - Chef
i. Adequate provisions
ii. Galley stowed
iii. Preparations for heavy weather
- Captain
5 C’s
Seaworthy
PASSAGE PLANNING - Master Considerations ESPAWN As per SOLAS 34
Planned using Charts and Pubs, using guidelines from the organization
Aware of relevant Ships routing systems
Sufficient sea room
Navigational hazards
Weather
Environmental protection
Escorted to Masters Office
(Newly appointed master - Check the ships certificates)
Vessel Certification:
Flag - SMC, DOC, ISSC, MSMD
Ship - CoR, ITC, ILLC
Safety - SCC, SEC (Form E), SRC (Form R), Radio Licence
MARPOL - IOPPC (Form A), ISPPC, IAPPC, IAFSC, IEEC (SEEMP)
Non Statutory - Cert of Class, SSCEC, LY3 Compliance Cert, WRC
ECDIS : What is a safety contour
Is an alarmable feature of ECDIS
XXX
Pre departure considerations as a Master…
Update crew and Muster lists
Customs clearance
Garbage ashore
PMS up to date
Review the voyage plan
HDO meeting
Pilots (tugs?)
Weather
Stowaway
FRE13
Safe Navigational Watch considerations
MGN 315
Not leave the bridge unless properly relieved
Continue with the Con even if the master is present
Notify Master in any doubt
Continue responsibility even with a pilot
If in doubt, seek clarification from pilot
Don’t undertake other duties that may interfere
Remove distractions (music, phones etc)
Have a helmsmen available
Hand steering (High traffic, restricted vis)
Different perceptions OOW other vessel involving ROC
Regular position fixing
Keep a proper record / log
ISM - Critical Equipment Failure
Fill out a Non conformity
Inform DPA, Flag state and class, or whoever is responsible for that piece of equipment
What is critical equipment and give examples -
Equipment whose sudden failure will result in a hazardous situation
Emergency - Grounding
BP Guide
