Previous Exam Questions Flashcards
1
Q
If the cribriform plate is damaged, there is a chance of
A
Infectious materials passing from the nose to the brain
2
Q
Which of the following is not a muscle of the quadriceps femoris group? Vastus medialis Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius Biceps femoris
A
Biceps femoris
3
Q
The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the
A
Trapezius
4
Q
Which joint allows for the widest range of movement
A
Ball and Socket
5
Q
The blunt cartilaginous lower tip sternum is called the
A
Xiphoid process
6
Q
Muscles that move the upper are originate on the
A
Clavicle and scapula
7
Q
Saddle joints in the body can be found between the
A
thumb metacarpal and the trapezium in the wrist
8
Q
The ulna articulates proximally with the
A
Humerus
9
Q
What are the most movable joints in the body
A
Synovial
10
Q
What are the unique joints that occur between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla
A
Gomphoses
11
Q
Moving from superficial to deep, the connective tissue components would be
A
epimysium, perimysium, endomysium
12
Q
The most common type of lever in the body is a _____ -class level
A
third
13
Q
The opposite of dorsiflexion is
A
Plantar flexion
14
Q
Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is
A
cervical, thoratic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx
15
Q
Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton
A
Scapula
16
Q
The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the
A
Femur
17
Q
The number of thoracic vertebrae is
A
12
18
Q
The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fivers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name?
A
Rectus and femoris
19
Q
Deterioration of the nucleus pulposus results in
A
A “slipped disk”
20
Q
A fontanel can best be described as a(n)
A
unossified area in the infants skull
21
Q
A contraction in which the tension within the muscle remains the same but the length changes is called a(n) ______ contraction
A
isotonic
22
Q
The first even to occur in muscle relaxation is:
A
the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins actively pumping calcium back into its sacs
23
Q
In a three-neuron reflex arc, the afferent neurons synapse with the
A
interneuron
24
Q
A decrease in muscle size is termed
A
Atrophy
25
Which of the following statements does not apply to ependymal cells?
They form the sheets of the cells that line fluid-filled cavites in the brain
They make up part of the blood-brain barrier
They produce fluid that fills the cavities in the brain
They have cilia to move fluid in the brain
They make up part of the blood-brain barrier
26
The chief function of the T-tubules is to
allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell
27
The sutonomic nervous system does not stimulate
skeletal muscles
28
Which of the following is not a part of the neuromuscular junction
T-tubules
Motor neuron
Motor endplate
T-tubules
29
Schwann cells have a function in the peripheral nervous system that is similar to that of which cells in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes
30
What is the relationship between the afferent and efferent neurons of the reflex arc
the afferent neurons move signals to the central nervous system and the efferent neurons move signals away from the central nervous system
31
The smallest contractile unit of the muscle is a
Sarcomere
32
When an impulse reaches a synapse
chemical transmitters are released
33
The largest and most numerous type(s) of neuroglia is(are) the
astrocytes
34
The strength of a muscle contraction is influenced by the
amount of load, initial length of muscles fibers, recruitment of motor units
35
The neurotransmitter(s) secreted at the motor end plates of skeletal muscles is(are)
acetylcholine
36
After a stoke, there is usually some damage to brain tissue. What type of neuroglia would you expect to find invading the affected area?
Microgila
37
the white matter of the nervous system is made up of
myelinated fibers
38
After is is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein
troponin
39
The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is called the
sarcolemma
40
Which of the following is true of spatial summation
Simultaneous stimulation of more than one postsynaptic neuron occurs
Impulses are fired in rapid succession by the same neuron
Neurotransmitter released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs coverage on one postsynapic neuron
Speed of impulse transmission is increased when several neurotransmitters are released
neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs coverage on one postsynaptic neuron
41
A child was frightened by a large dog. The pupils of the child's eyes became dilated, and the heart and respiratory rates increase. These symptoms were caused by stimulation of
The sympathetic nervous system
42
The body's biological clock is controlled by the
Pineal body
43
```
A gymnast is experiencing problems with balance and equilibrium. Which of the following cranial nerves may be causing the condition?
Accessory
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal
Vestibulocochlear
```
Vestibulocochlear
44
Going from superior to inferior, the structures of the brainstem would be
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
45
Judy has sustained an injury that has damaged the vestibulocochlear nerve. This injury will have an effect on her ability to
Hear
46
```
All of the following cranial nerves have a functional classification of "motor" except
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Vestibulocochlear
Accessory
```
Vestibulocochlear
47
There are ___ ventricles in the brain
4
48
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal and ______, is absorbed back into the blood
subarachnoid space
49
William was recently involved in a serious automobile accident. As a result, he has had difficulty controlling his skeletal muscles and maintaining his balance. What part of the nervous system was most likely damaged?
Cerebellum
50
Which of the following is correct statement
There are 7 cervical nerves pairs
There are 11 thoracic nerve pairs
There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs
There are 5 lumbar nerve pairs
51
```
Which of the following would not be a major effector of the autonomic nervous system?
Skeletal muscles
Blood vessels
Sweat glands
Iris of the eye
```
skeletal muscles
52
The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus?
Cervical
53
The sensory cranial nerves include only the
Olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear
54
The part of the brain that can directly influence or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary is the
hypothalmus
55
The nerve commonly called the "vagus nerve" is in the ____ cranial
10th
56
Which of the following structures is not part of the diecephalon?
Thalmus
Arbor vitae
Pineal gland
Arbor vitae
57
A lesion in the cerebral cortex might result in
motor deficits, sensory deficits, intellectual impairment
58
The innermost layer of the meninges is the
pIa matter
59
The peripheral nervous system includes ______ nerves
autonomic, sensory, and somatic
60
```
Which is(are) the neurotransmitter(s) in a somatic motor pathway
Acetylcholine
Amines
Amino Acids
Neuropeptides
```
Acetycholine
61
Menisci are:
Fibrocaritlage pads
62
Moving a body part away from the medial plane of the body is called?
Abduction
63
Sutures can be found in the
Skull only
64
A sprain causes damage to
Ligaments
65
The neurotransmitter(s) secreted at the motor end plates of skeletal muscles is/are
acetycholine
66
the ion necessary for cross-bridging is
Calcium
67
Sarcolmma is
A unique name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
68
Somatic motor neurons innervate
skeletal muscles
69
The motor end plate make up part of the
Neuromuscular junctions
70
The autonomic nervous system consists of
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
71
A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system is called a(n)
Sensory neuron
72
The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the
Somatic nervous system
73
```
Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier
Water
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Dopamine
```
Dopamine
74
A synaptic knob would be located on a(n)
axon
75
Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to
receptors on the postsynaptic neuron
76
In the human nervous system
Most of the cells are neurons
Most of the cells are glia cells
There are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons
The ratio of cells is unknown because of the complexity of the nervous system
Most of the cells are glia cells
77
```
One of the components of the blood-brain barrier is
Astrocytes
Neurons
Myelin
Oligodendrocytes
```
astrocytes
78
```
The brainstem does not include
Pons
Medulla
Midbrain
Cerebellium
```
Cerebellium
79
The cervical plexus
is found need in the neck, is formed by the ventral rami of the first four cervical nerves and part of c5, and includes the phrenic nerve
80
A mixed nerve is one that
carries both sensory and motor fibers
81
```
Which one of the following receptors are found in most body tissues?
Free nerve endings
Meissner corpuscles
Krause end bulbs
Ruffini corpuscles
```
Free nerve endings
82
The part of the eye containing nervous tissue is the
Retina
83
The two-point discrimination test can be used to measure
the sensitivity of the skin in various parts of the body
84
Range of motion (ROM) assessment is used to
assess the extent of a joint injury
85
Place in order from the largest to the smallest connective tissue in skeletal muscles
Epimysium, Permysium, Endomysium
86
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is believed caused by
destruction of the mylinated pathways in the nervous system
87
Catabolism by muscle fibers requires
gluclose and oxygem
88
Rods of the retina differ in function from the cones because
rods contain rhodopsin
89
The rotator cuff muscles and tendons form cufflike arrangement around the
shoulder joint
90
By age 2 years in a normal infant, the stimulus that caused the Babinski reflex now causes
The plantar refelx
