Chapter 10

Question 1

Amphiarthroses

Answer 1

slightly movable joint such as the one that connects the two pubic bones

Question 2

Articulation

Answer 2

joints

Question 3

Bursa

Answer 3

small, cushion-like sac found between moving body parts, making movement easier, synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid (synovial)

Question 4

Diarthroses

Answer 4

freely movable joint

Question 5

Joint

Answer 5

junction between two or more bones, articulations

Question 6

Menisci

Answer 6

articular cartilage disks

Question 7

Suture

Answer 7

immovable joint, lines between the skull (fibrous joint)

Question 8

Symphysis

Answer 8

joint characterized by the presence of a pad or disk of fibrocarilage connecting the two bones (cartilaginous joints)

Question 9

Synarthroses

Answer 9

joint in which fibrous connective tissue joins bones and holds them together tightly, commonly called sutures, immovable

Question 10

Fibrous joints (synarthroses)

Answer 10

bones of the joints fit together closely allowing little or no movement

Question 11

Syndesmoses

Answer 11

joints where ligaments connect two bones (fibrous joint)

Question 12

Gomphoses

Answer 12

between root of tooth and mandible or maxilla (fibrous joint)

Question 13

Cartilaginous joints (amphiarthroses)

Answer 13

bones of joints are joined together by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage allow very little movement

Question 14

Synovial joints (diathroses)

Answer 14

freely movable joints

Question 15

Joint capsules

Answer 15

sleeve like casting around the ends of the bones that binds them together-holds synovial fluid (synovial)

Question 16

Synovial membrane

Answer 16

membrane that lines the joint capsule also secrets synovial fluid (synovial)

Question 17

Articular cartilage

Answer 17

hyaline cartilage covering artiular surface of bones (synovial)

Question 18

Joint cavity

Answer 18

small space between the articulating surfces of the bones of the jont (synovial)

Question 19

Ligaments

Answer 19

strong cords of dense, white, fibrous tissue that hold the bones of a synovial joint more firmly together (synovial)

Question 20

Unlaxial joints

Answer 20

synovial joints that permit movement around only ONE axis and in only ONE plane (ankle) (synovial joint)

Question 21

Biaxial joints

Answer 21

synovial joints that permit movements around two perpemdicular axes in two perpendicular planes (synovial joint)

Question 22

Saddle joint

Answer 22

SYNOVIAL joints that resemble miniature shaped saddles (thumbs)

Question 23

Humeroscapular joint

Answer 23

shoulder joint, most mobile joint (SYNOVIAL)

Question 24

Elbow joint

Answer 24

classic HINGE joint (SYNOVIAL)

Question 25

Proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 25

between the head of the radius and medial notch of the ulna

Question 26

Pulled elbow

Answer 26

dislocation of radial head

Question 27

Radiocarpal (wrist) joints

Answer 27

synovial joints

Question 28

Intercarpal joints

Answer 28

resend between 8 carpal bones stabalzed by numerous ligaments

Question 29

Carpometalcarpal joints

Answer 29

total of 3 joints: one joint for the thumb-wide range of movement, two joints for the fingers-movement largely gliding type

Question 30

Movements

Answer 30

extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, and opposition

Question 31

Oppostion

Answer 31

ability to touch the tip of the thumb to the tip of other fingers

Question 32

Metacarpophalangeal joints

Answer 32

rounded heads of metacarpals articulates with concave bases of the proximan phalanges, strengthened by collateral ligaments, primary movements are flexion and extension

Question 33

Hip joints

Answer 33

stable joints because of the shape of the head and the femur and the acetabulum, a joint capsule and ligaments contribute to joint stability

Question 34

Acetabulum

Answer 34

insertion side

Question 35

Knee joint

Answer 35

LARGEST, one of the most complex, and most fequently injured joins, permits flexion and extension

Question 36

Ankle joint

Answer 36

synovial hinge joint, articulation with lower ends of tibia and fibula and upper part of talus, joint is mortis or WEDGE shaped

Question 37

Internal rotation "sprain ankle"

Answer 37

involves sprain of ligaments

Question 38

External ankle rotation

Answer 38

invloves bone fractures

Question 39

Vertebral joints

Answer 39

vertebrae connected by several joints to form strong flexible column, bodies of adjacent vertebrae are connected by intervertebral disks

Question 40

Annulus fibrosus

Answer 40

intervertebral disks outter rim, made up of fibrous tissues and fibrocarilage

Question 41

Nucleus puposus

Answer 41

intervertebral disks central core

Question 42

Intervertevbral disks

Answer 42

pads between every vertebrae

Question 43

Range of motion (ROM)

Answer 43

how far will joint move, used to asses extent of joint injury

Question 44

Flexion

Answer 44

DECREASES the angle between bones, bends of folds one part or another

Question 45

Extension

Answer 45

INCREASES the angle between bones, returns a part from its flexed position to its anatomical position

Question 46

Hyperextension

Answer 46

streching or extending part beyond its anatomical position

Question 47

Plantar felxion

Answer 47

INCREASES THE ANGLE between the top of the FOOT and the front of the leg

Question 48

Dorsiflexion

Answer 48

DECREASES THE ANGLE between the top of the FOOT and the front of the leg

Question 49

Abduction

Answer 49

moves a part, AWAY from the median plane of the body

Question 50

Adduction

Answer 50

moves a part, TOWARD the median plane of the body

Question 51

Circular movements

Answer 51

rotation, circumduction, supination, pronation,

Question 52

Circumduction

Answer 52

moves apart so it is distal end moves in a circle

Question 53

Supination

Answer 53

turns hand palm side up

Question 54

Pronation

Answer 54

turns hand palm side down

Question 55

Gliding

Answer 55

simplest of all movements, articular surface of one bone, moves over artricular surface of another

Question 56

Inversion

Answer 56

turning sole of the foot INWARD

Question 57

Eversion

Answer 57

turning sole of foot OUTWARD

Question 58

Protraction

Answer 58

moves apart FORWARD

Question 59

Retraction

Answer 59

moves apart BACKWARD

Question 60

Elevation

Answer 60

moves apart UP

Question 61

Depression

Answer 61

LOWERS a part

Question 62

Abnormal bone growth

Answer 62

lipping

Question 63

Synchondroses

Answer 63

hyaline cartilage present between articulating bones (cartilaginous joint)