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Anatomy and Physiology > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable joint such as the one that connects the two pubic bones

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2
Q

Articulation

A

joints

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3
Q

Bursa

A

small, cushion-like sac found between moving body parts, making movement easier, synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid (synovial)

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4
Q

Diarthroses

A

freely movable joint

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5
Q

Joint

A

junction between two or more bones, articulations

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6
Q

Menisci

A

articular cartilage disks

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7
Q

Suture

A

immovable joint, lines between the skull (fibrous joint)

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8
Q

Symphysis

A

joint characterized by the presence of a pad or disk of fibrocarilage connecting the two bones (cartilaginous joints)

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9
Q

Synarthroses

A

joint in which fibrous connective tissue joins bones and holds them together tightly, commonly called sutures, immovable

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10
Q

Fibrous joints (synarthroses)

A

bones of the joints fit together closely allowing little or no movement

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11
Q

Syndesmoses

A

joints where ligaments connect two bones (fibrous joint)

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12
Q

Gomphoses

A

between root of tooth and mandible or maxilla (fibrous joint)

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13
Q

Cartilaginous joints (amphiarthroses)

A

bones of joints are joined together by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage allow very little movement

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14
Q

Synovial joints (diathroses)

A

freely movable joints

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15
Q

Joint capsules

A

sleeve like casting around the ends of the bones that binds them together-holds synovial fluid (synovial)

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16
Q

Synovial membrane

A

membrane that lines the joint capsule also secrets synovial fluid (synovial)

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17
Q

Articular cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage covering artiular surface of bones (synovial)

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18
Q

Joint cavity

A

small space between the articulating surfces of the bones of the jont (synovial)

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19
Q

Ligaments

A

strong cords of dense, white, fibrous tissue that hold the bones of a synovial joint more firmly together (synovial)

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20
Q

Unlaxial joints

A

synovial joints that permit movement around only ONE axis and in only ONE plane (ankle) (synovial joint)

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21
Q

Biaxial joints

A

synovial joints that permit movements around two perpemdicular axes in two perpendicular planes (synovial joint)

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22
Q

Saddle joint

A

SYNOVIAL joints that resemble miniature shaped saddles (thumbs)

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23
Q

Humeroscapular joint

A

shoulder joint, most mobile joint (SYNOVIAL)

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24
Q

Elbow joint

A

classic HINGE joint (SYNOVIAL)

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25
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint

A

between the head of the radius and medial notch of the ulna

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26
Q

Pulled elbow

A

dislocation of radial head

27
Q

Radiocarpal (wrist) joints

A

synovial joints

28
Q

Intercarpal joints

A

resend between 8 carpal bones stabalzed by numerous ligaments

29
Q

Carpometalcarpal joints

A

total of 3 joints: one joint for the thumb-wide range of movement, two joints for the fingers-movement largely gliding type

30
Q

Movements

A

extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, and opposition

31
Q

Oppostion

A

ability to touch the tip of the thumb to the tip of other fingers

32
Q

Metacarpophalangeal joints

A

rounded heads of metacarpals articulates with concave bases of the proximan phalanges, strengthened by collateral ligaments, primary movements are flexion and extension

33
Q

Hip joints

A

stable joints because of the shape of the head and the femur and the acetabulum, a joint capsule and ligaments contribute to joint stability

34
Q

Acetabulum

A

insertion side

35
Q

Knee joint

A

LARGEST, one of the most complex, and most fequently injured joins, permits flexion and extension

36
Q

Ankle joint

A

synovial hinge joint, articulation with lower ends of tibia and fibula and upper part of talus, joint is mortis or WEDGE shaped

37
Q

Internal rotation “sprain ankle”

A

involves sprain of ligaments

38
Q

External ankle rotation

A

invloves bone fractures

39
Q

Vertebral joints

A

vertebrae connected by several joints to form strong flexible column, bodies of adjacent vertebrae are connected by intervertebral disks

40
Q

Annulus fibrosus

A

intervertebral disks outter rim, made up of fibrous tissues and fibrocarilage

41
Q

Nucleus puposus

A

intervertebral disks central core

42
Q

Intervertevbral disks

A

pads between every vertebrae

43
Q

Range of motion (ROM)

A

how far will joint move, used to asses extent of joint injury

44
Q

Flexion

A

DECREASES the angle between bones, bends of folds one part or another

45
Q

Extension

A

INCREASES the angle between bones, returns a part from its flexed position to its anatomical position

46
Q

Hyperextension

A

streching or extending part beyond its anatomical position

47
Q

Plantar felxion

A

INCREASES THE ANGLE between the top of the FOOT and the front of the leg

48
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

DECREASES THE ANGLE between the top of the FOOT and the front of the leg

49
Q

Abduction

A

moves a part, AWAY from the median plane of the body

50
Q

Adduction

A

moves a part, TOWARD the median plane of the body

51
Q

Circular movements

A

rotation, circumduction, supination, pronation,

52
Q

Circumduction

A

moves apart so it is distal end moves in a circle

53
Q

Supination

A

turns hand palm side up

54
Q

Pronation

A

turns hand palm side down

55
Q

Gliding

A

simplest of all movements, articular surface of one bone, moves over artricular surface of another

56
Q

Inversion

A

turning sole of the foot INWARD

57
Q

Eversion

A

turning sole of foot OUTWARD

58
Q

Protraction

A

moves apart FORWARD

59
Q

Retraction

A

moves apart BACKWARD

60
Q

Elevation

A

moves apart UP

61
Q

Depression

A

LOWERS a part

62
Q

Abnormal bone growth

A

lipping

63
Q

Synchondroses

A

hyaline cartilage present between articulating bones (cartilaginous joint)

Anatomy and Physiology (7 decks)

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