Preview 11/12 Flashcards
How are epithelial cells classified?
simple vs stratified
squamous vs cuboidal vs columnar
keratinized vs non-keratinized
What are the two special cases in classifying epithelium?
Pseudostratified: looks stratified, but all cells are touching basement membrane, nuclei of apical columnar cells at different layers, nuclei of basal cells are round and near BM, found in respiratory system and male reproductive
Transitional: or uroepithelium, in urinary system, multiple layers of cells, has surface or dome cells that stretch and flatten, dome cells key to identification
What are the two types of secretory epithelial cells?
Exocrine: secrete into a lumen or free surface, polarized towards lumen
Endocrine: secretes into CT, polarized towards BM
What are the two types of exocrine glands based on their secretions?
Serous: watery poorly glycosylated protein secretion, appear basophilic with H&E stain, looks like a regulated protein secreting cell (RER, golgi, secretory vesicles), round nuclei basally located, apex toward lumen
Mucous: secrete viscous highly glycosylated proteins, pale lacy spider web like cytoplasm in H&E stain, flat basally located nuclei, can be glands or goblet cells
What are single cell versions of mucous secreting cells?
Goblet cells: elongated basally located nucleus, accumulated electron lucent secretory vesicles, abundant RER,
What type of secretory cells produce hormones?
Hormones are the products of endocrine cells.
What are the characteristics of a protein hormone secreting cell?
Vesicles are small and not associated with a lumen or free surface and are near basement membrane, cells contain RER and golgi to produce and process protein
What are the characteristics of a steroid secreting cell?
not near a lumen or free surface, no polarization near apical domain, no accumulated secretory vesicles, smooth ER and vesicular mitochondria, lipid droplets,
What are the names of the cells that make up glands and the cells around them?
Parenchymal cells: all the cells making up the gland or the duct
Stroma: connective tissue and vessels that support the function of the gland
These are separated by the basement membrane.
What are the classifications of exocrine glands based on their structure and the structure of their ducts?
SHAPE OF BRANCHING PATTERN
Simple: secretes onto a surface or into a single duct with no branching
Compound: small ducts join bigger ones before reaching surface
SHAPE OF SECRETORY UNITS
Tubular: tube shaped, coiled or branched
Acinar: berry shaped
Tubuloacinar: mix of the two
