Prevention of Diabetes Uptake Flashcards
Out of 10 people how many have diabetes?
1
How many people have prediabetes?
86 million
Where is diabetes in the rank of death rates?
7th
How many counties in Kentucky had rates of 11.2% or above?
93
Where does Kentucky rank in the nation in diabetes?
9th highest
What is the difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes?
Type 1 there is no insulin production
Type 2 the body doesn’t respond to insulin or not enough produced
Does type 1 or 2 diabetes do most people have?
Type 2
What are the three ways they use to diagnose diabetes?
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C, A1C)
Out of the three diabetes diagnosis tests is more convenient?
A1C test
Define FPG
Measures the amount of glucose in the blood after 8-10 hour fast
Define OGTT
After measuring the fasting plasma glucose, a standard amount of glucose is quickly consumed and plasma glucose levels are drawn 1 and 2 hours later
Define A1C test
Measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound to glucose. Can measure glucose concentrations over the past 2 to 3 months
If someone has IFG and IGT what are their chances of developing diabetes than a person with just one?
It doulbes their chances
How often should someone be tested for diabetes?
If >45 every 3 years if normal
If prediabetes yearly
If someone takes the Paper Risk Test at what score should someone get tested?
If their score is above 10.
What are 5 drugs that were tested to help prevent diabetes?
Metformin, acarbose, troglitazone, orlistat, resiglitazone
When was metformin most effective?
In younger and obese patients
How effective, in a percentage, are the medications in reducing the progression of type 2 diabetes?
25-60%
What does ORIGIN stand for?
Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention
What did ORIGIN do?
It prevented progression of type 2 diabetes.
What 3 studies shows sustained reduction of Type 2 Diabetes?
Da Qing Study (highest)
DPS
DPPOS
According to data what is a highly cost-effective way of preventing diabetes?
Lifestyle Interventions
What prevention program has shown to lower risk for diabetes by >50%?
National Diabetes Prevention Program
What groups is the National Diabetes Prevention Program focused on?
High risk to very high risk populations
According to the ADA 2014 Standards of Care, who should be counseled?
Overweight and obese patients
In what populations may metformin be considered?
In patients with IFG, IGT, or A1C of 5.7%-6.4% and also 35, and women with prior GDM
How do you prevent injury during exercise?
Warm up and cool down
According to the ADA how much sodium should a person with diabetes consume?
<2300mg/day
According to the ADA, where should carbohydrates come from for diabetics?
Vegetables, whole grains, fruits, legumes, and dairy products
What benefits do Omega-3 supplements provide for the treatment of CV events?
None
