Preventative Medicine Flashcards
What cancer screening test lowers mortality the most?
Mammogram
What is the screening guidelines for breast cancer?
Mammogram starting at 50 y/o every 1-2 years
What is the screening guidelines for cervical cancer?
Pap smear starting at 21 y/o every 2-3 years until age of 65
What is the next best step in management for a pt with a result of ASCUS on Pap smear?
HPV testing
What is the next best step in management for a apt who is found to be HPV positive after a result of ASCUS on Pap smear?
Colposcopy
What is the screening guideline for colon cancer in the general population?
Colonoscopy starting at 50 y/o every 10 years
What is the screening guideline for colon cancer for a pt with a close family member having colon cancer?
Colonoscopy starting at 40 y/o or 10 years before the age that family member was diagnosed
What is the screening guideline for colon cancer for pt with family history of hereditary nonpolyplosis colon cancer syndrome (lynch syndrome/ HNPCC)?
Colonoscopy starting at age 25 every 1-2 years
A pt with colon cancer in at least 3 family members in 2 generations, with 1 of them having it prematurely (before 50 y/o) most likely suffers from…
Hereditary nonpolposis colon cancer (HNPCC/ lynch syndrome)
Should men over the age of 75 y/o be screened for prostate cancer using PSA?
No
What are the four major groups of people that influenza vaccination and pneumococcal pneumonia vaccination are indicated for?
- Chronic lung, heart, liver, kidney or cancer
- HIV pts
- Pts on steroids
- Pts with diabetes
What three groups of people benefit the most from the influenza vaccination?
- Pts over 50 y/o
- Pregnant women
- Healthcare workers
What is the influenza vaccination guideline for the general population?
Yearly
What is the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccination guideline for the general population?
Single injection if over 65y/o
What is the meningococcal vaccination guideline for the general population?
Children age 11
Who should receive meningococcal vaccination prior to age 11? (2)
- Functional or anatomically asplenic
2. Terminal complement deficiency
What is the HPV (gardisil) vaccination guideline?
All women ages 13-26 years old
Acceptable in boys
What is the varicella-zoster vaccination guideline?
Everyone over age 60
Prevent re activation of varicella-zoster/ shingles
What is the most effective method of achieving smoking cessation?
Oral medications like bupropion and varenicline
What is the screening guideline for osteoporosis?
Bone densitometry starting at age 65 y/o
What is the screening guideline for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
All men 65 y/o who have ever smoked should be screened once with ultrasound
What is the screening guideline for diabetes?
Pts with hypertension
What is the screening guideline for hyperlipidemia?
Men > 35 y/o
Women > 45 y/o
