Prevalence and Development Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic features

A
  1. Development of symptoms follows one or more traumatic events

2.Stimuli associated w trauma are persitently avoided, and the individual makes deliberate efforts to avoid thoughts/memories.

  1. Negative alterations in cognitions or mood (eg. amnesia,neg expectations etc.
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2
Q

Prevalence

A

In US; lifetime risk 8.7% and 1 year 3.5%

Europe: 0.5-1.0% for 1 year.

Varies across cultural groups.

highest rates:
- Military, rape, captivity

Prev seems lower amoung preschoul children and older adults.

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3
Q

Development

A

Can occur at any age

Usually symptoms begin within the first 3 months after trauma

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4
Q

Risk factors

A

Pretraumatic:
- Temperamental (emotional problems)
- Environmental factors (Low SE status, low education, prior trauma
- Genetic/psychological (female, age at time or trauma exposure *for adults and certain tgenotypes either protect or increase)

Peritraumtatic:
- Environmental (severity of trauma, percieved life threat, personal injury etc.)

posttraumatic:
- Temperamental (negative appraisal, inappropriate coping, acute stress disorder)
- Environmental (Subsequent exporure to reminders, adverse life event or financial problems.)

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5
Q

PTSD prev in students

A

Prev 7.1%
Prev sub-PTSD 8.0%

Trauma:
- traffic accident 18%
- non-sexual violence 10%
- Sexual violence 6.7%

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6
Q

Psychological trauma

A

only minority develops PTSD, majority is resillient. Half of the people recover after 3 months

some even report postraumatic growth; stronger relationships etc.

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7
Q

Comorbidity

A

80% has comorbid disorder

Males: SUD and conduct
Seperation anxiety and oppositional defience in children

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8
Q

Differential diagnosis

A
  • Adjustment disorder: Doens’t meet all symptoms
  • Acute stress disorder: 3 days to 1 month
  • Dissociative disorder
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