Diversity

Question 1

WEIRD

Answer 1

Most evidence for treatment comes from research done on weird population.

Seen in;
- Psychotherapy is less effective in minorities
- Higher risk of drop out with ethnic minority
- Less intensive treatment in minorities (intensity is good predictor of treatment outcome)

Question 2

The 5 dimensions

Answer 2

collectivism - Individualism

interdependent self-concept - independent self-concept

Traditional gender roles - non traditional gender roles

Emotional expressiveness - emotional inhibition

Supernatural - Material

Question 3

Characteristics of 5 dimensions

Answer 3

Theories and definitions of mental disorders are largely based on the western norms, views, values and concepts.

This is mostly the right side of the dimension spectrum

Those on the right side are seen as more healthy

Question 4

Historic disorders

Answer 4

Homosexuality

Frigidity; not being able to orgasm during penile-vaginal sex as a woman

Drapetomania; obsessive need to flee as a slave

Question 5

Distress

Answer 5

Strongly influenced by culture;

• cultural norms and values affect pathogenisis
• Cultural beliefs emphasize certain symptoms
• type of symptoms (eg anorexia, Tijin Kyofusho (social phobia but than fear of shaming others))
• The boundary between abnormal and normal

Question 6

Idioms of Distress

Answer 6

Culturally constituded experiences and expressions of distress. Associated w cultural norms and values. they initiate certain type of interaction, eg burnout, where another knows what you experience

Question 7

Explanatory models

Answer 7

To gain similar understanding about the problem. Very important to include the perspective of the client
- Better understanding
- More effective treatment
- Predicts the attendance

Question 8

Cultural formulation

Answer 8

1) cultural definition of the problem (how do you define it, explain it to your family)

2) Cultural perceptions of cause, context and support (spiritual, trauma etc)

3) cultural factors affecting self-coping and past help seeking (What kind of treatment do you think is helpful)

4) Cultural factors affecting current help seeking (are there differences between you and psychologist)