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Prev Med > Prev Med, Occupational, Sanitation > Flashcards

Prev Med, Occupational, Sanitation Flashcards

1
Q

RA 9288

A

Newborn screening law

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2
Q

First international conference on health promotion in 1986 was held in

A

Ottawa

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3
Q

Comprises legal or fiscal controls, other regulation policies and voluntary codes of practice aimed at the enhancement of positive health and prevention of ill health

A

Health protection

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4
Q

Form of a logic model where assessment, intervention planning and evaluation are put into one framework

A

Precede proceed model

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5
Q

Phases of communicable disease

A

Pre pathogenic

Pathogenic

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6
Q

Elements of a communicable disease

A

Agent
Host
Environment

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7
Q

Ability of the agent to invade and multiply

A

Infectivity

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8
Q

Capacity of an agent to induce disease which is clinically apparent in an infected host

A

Pathogenicity

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9
Q

Ability of an agent to produce serious illness

A

Virulence

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10
Q

Ability of an agent to stimulate the host to produce defense mechanisms

A

Immunogenicity

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11
Q

Ability to combine specifically with the products or effectors of the immune response

A

Antigenicity

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12
Q

Type of carrier

Varicella, measles and hepatitis virus

A

Incubatory carrier

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13
Q

Type of carrier

Diphtheria
Hepa B

A

Convalescent carrier

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14
Q

Type of carrier

Salmonella
Hepa B

A

Chronic

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15
Q

Can be used to measure the rate of an epidemic

Period between the receipt of infection by the host and the maximal communicability of that host

A

Generation Time

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16
Q

Types of host

Parasite reaches maturity and if possible reproduces sexually

A

Definitive

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17
Q

Types of host

Can harbor a pathogen indefinitely without ill effects

A

Reservoir

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18
Q

Types of host

Harbors the parasite only for a short transition period during which some of the developmental stage is completed

A

Intermediate

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19
Q

Types of host

Host similar to intermediate but is not needed for developmental cycle to progress

A

Paratenic

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20
Q

Types of host

Level of pathogen can become high enough that a vector such as a mosquito that feeds on it will probably become infectious

A

Amplifying

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21
Q

Resistance of a group to invasion and spread of an infectious agent based on the immunity of a high proportion of individuals

A

Herd immunity

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22
Q

Refers to a time during which an infectious agent can be transmitted from a person to another

A

Period of communicability

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23
Q

Separates and restricts movement of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick

A

Quarantine

24
Q

Exposure of a susceptible population to common source of pathogen

A

Common source outbreak

25
Q

Exposure of susceptible population at the same time to common source of pathogen

Single exposure

A

Point epidemic

26
Q

The epidemic extends over a number of cases in each successive time period

A

Prolonged, progressive

27
Q

Branch of medicine concerned with the evaluation of the potential health risk of various toxic substances and physical factors in working environments

A

Occupational health

28
Q

Refers to time weighted average concentration for a regular 8 hour workday shift for a total of 40 hour workweek at which nearly all workers may be exposed daily without adverse effects

A

Threshold limit value

29
Q

Continuous exposure to sound of how many decibels may lead to permanent hearing loss?

A

> 90 dB

30
Q

Failure of thermoregulatory center and suppression of sweating

Disorientation, delirium, coma

A

Heat stroke

31
Q

Results from deficiency of water or salt leading to circulatort insufficiency

A

Heat exhaustion

32
Q

Also called human factors engineering, examines the ways to adapt the working environment to ensure a safe and productive workplace

A

Ergonomics

33
Q

Most common presentation of lead poisoning in children

A

Decreased intelligence and behavioral impairment

34
Q

Most sensitive test for lead detection in blood

A

Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin

35
Q

Basophilic stippling
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Transverse bands in the epiphyseal ends of long bones

A

Lead poisoning

36
Q

Treatment for lead poisoning

A

Penicillamine

37
Q

Most common route of hydrogen sulfide toxiciy

A

Inhalation

38
Q

Rotten egg odor
Sewage tanks, natural gas powerplants
Inhibits complex IV of ETC

Eye irritation, respi tract, conjunctivitis

Supportive therapy

A

Hydrogen sulfide

39
Q

Poison of kings
Pesticides
Coal fired powerplants, smelters
Inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and decrease production of glutathione

Garlic odor of breath, palmar hyperkeratosis, skin bronzing

A

Arsenic

40
Q

Transverse white line in nails of arsenic poisoning

A

Mees line

41
Q

Most common cause of death in arsenic poisoning

A

Hemoglobinuric nephrosis

42
Q

Insecticides, pesticides
Inhibits acetylcholinesterase enzyme
Tremors diaphoresis abdominal cramps

A

Organophosphates

43
Q

Treatment for organophosphate poisoning

A

PAM
pralidoxime in the 1st 24-72 hours
Atropine

44
Q

Chemical that can cause bladder CA

A

Benzene

45
Q

Chemical that Can cause mesothelioma

A

Asbestos

46
Q

Found in antifreeze than can cause HAGMA

A

Ethylene glycol

47
Q

Can cause hemangiosarcoma

A

PVC

48
Q

Antidote for cadmium and chromium

A

EDTA

49
Q

Chemical in London fog phenomenon

A

Sulfur dioxide

50
Q

Most important greenhouse gas

A

Water vapor

51
Q

Largest source of water

A

Ground water

52
Q

Washing of clothes or bathing from the source of drinking water
No source of water should be constructed from any source of pollution
No radioactive materials shall be stored

What is the distance?

A

25 meters

53
Q

Boiling of water should be done for how many minutes for it to be safe for drinking?

A

15 mins

54
Q

Tincture of iodine can be used to disinfect water. How much should be used?

A

2 drops per 1 liter

55
Q

Most important single treatment of water supply

A

Chlorination

56
Q

Only method of disposing radioactive waste

A

Use of landfills

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