Prev Med Halo Halo Flashcards
Stages of death and dying
Kubler Ross’ Stages Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Capacity of an agent to induce disease which is clinically apparent in an infected host
Pathogenicity
Ability of an agent to produce SERIOUS ILLNESS; measured in terms of FATALITY
Virulence
Antigenicity
Ability to combine specifically with the products or effects of the immune response
Chain of infection
Infectious agent Reservoir Portal of exit Mode of transmissiosn Portal of entry Susceptible host *breaking a link at any point in the chain will control the risk of infection by preventing the onward transmission of microorganisms
Types of carrier
Inapparent throughout
Incubatory carrier convalescent
Chronic
Carrier: inapparent throughout
Polio
Meningo
Hepatitis
Incubatory carrier
Chickenpox
Measles
Hepatitis
Convalescent carrier
C diphtheria
Hepatitis B
Chronic carrier
S typhi
Hepatitis B
Stages of infection
Susceptibility
Pre-symptomatic
Clinical disease
Disability
Generation time
The period between the recept of infection by the host and the maximal communicability of that host
Latent period vs Incubation period
Latent period: period between exposure and infection
*also is applied to chronic illnesses and non-infectious diseases
Incubation period: can only be applied to infectious that result manifest disease
Measure of rate of spread
Generation time
-time that elapses between onset of symptoms in the primary case and onset of symptoms of the secondary case
Epidemiologic chain
Causative or etiologic agent Reservoir / source Mode of escape from the reservoir Mode of transmission Mode of entry into new host Susceptible host
Modifiable risk factors ⭐️
Alcohol Birth weight Body weight Diet Dyslipiidemia Migration Sedentary lifestyle Smoking Stress
Non-modifiable risk factors ⭐️
Family history Sex Menopause Age Race Type A personality (Outgoing, impatient, anxious, workaholics)
5As of somking cessation
Ask about tobacco use Advise quitting Assess readiness to quit Assist smokers ready to quit Arrange follow-up
EVALI
E-cigarette or vaping product use-asociated lung injury
CDC: “Consider refraining from use of all e-cigarette, or vaping products.”
Graphic health warnings law
RA 10643
Nationwide smoking ban
EO no 26
Excess fluoride consumption
> 0.05mg/kg/day
Hierarchy of controls to hazards
Elimination Substitution Engineering controls Adminisntrative controls PPE
Amount of chemical that can be repetitively exposed to a person over a long duration without causign adverse effects
This is usually based on average concentration in a 40-hour workweek
Time weighted average (TWA)
