Pressure Injuries

Question 1

Outermost layer of skin to innermost

Answer 1

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

Question 2

2. Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of pressure injuries?
   a. Equipment
   b. Immobility
   c. Clothing
   d. All of the Above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

3. Identify the type of the pressure injury from the image below:
   a. Stage II
   b. Stage III
   c. Stage VI
   d. Unstagable
   e. Deep Tissue Injury

Answer 3

deep tissue

Question 4

4. Multiple Choice Question: Which of the following is not a common site for pressure injury
   a. Answer 1: Heels
   b. Answer 2: Elbows
   c. Answer 3: Hip
   d. Answer 4: Calves
   e. Answer 5: Knee

Answer 4

D. calves

Question 5

5. Which of the following environments for patients are NOT among the highest-risk environments for development of pressure injuries?
   a. Operating rooms
   b. Long term care facility
   c. Intensive care units
   d. Outpatient clinic

Answer 5

outpatient clinic

Question 6

6. Pressure injuries are caused by unrelieved _________ pressure which results in a _____ event for the effected tissue.
   a. Short-term/ischemic
   b. Long-term/ischemic
   c. Short-term/aerobic
   d. Long-term/aerobic

Answer 6

B. longterm / ischemic

Question 7

7. Which of the following is a reason for why Hospital Acquired Pressure Injuries (HAPI) are a serious clinical concern?
   a. The average cost is 11,000 dollars per patient where it occurs
   b. Medicare does not reimburse costs related to HAPI
   c. 60,000 patients die as the result of this condition annually
   d. A and C
   e. All of the above

Answer 7

E. all of the above

Question 8

8. What is the only fundamental way to resolve an existing pressure injury?
   a. Reduce pressure
   b. Close observation
   c. Wound cleaning
   d. Improved Diet
   e. Resolution of diabetic condition

Answer 8

A. reduce pressure

Question 9

1. List at least 3 functions or purposes of the skin.

Answer 9

Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, retain moisture, determines skin color/appearance

Question 10

2. What is pressure mapping within the context of pressure injury prevention?

Answer 10

measurement and reporting of magnitude and location of pressure between two surfaces

Question 11

3. Identify 2 common clinical locations/devices where pressure mapping is used.

Answer 11

Hospital bed, wheelchair, OR table, stretcher, chair

Question 12

4. Name the most common areas for the development of a pressure sore.

Answer 12

heels, hips, sacrum

Question 13

1. Describe at least one situation in which a patient can develop a pressure injury.

Answer 13

A patient requires help breathing so they have oxygen tubing running over their ears and into their nostrils for a prolonged period of time without proper padding or readjustments.

Question 14

2. Describe at least two reasons why understanding the stage of a pressure injury is important for healthcare workers.

Answer 14

Lawsuits for hospital if injuries get worse, determining the extent/ preparing a treatment plan

Question 15

3. Describe the root cause of pressure injuries and pick two design features that a medical device could have to reduce the risk of the development of pressure sores.

Answer 15

The root cause of pressure injuries is prolonged pressure over long periods of time, in many cases over a boney prominence.
-reduce force by removing hard or sharp edges
-new attachment device so devices don’t have to rest on or next to a patient.

Question 16

What steps do medical personnel take to prevent and treat pressure sores in hospitalized patients who are unconscious? What are the risk factors for pressure sores in this population, and what preventative measures are used to lessen their frequency and severity?

Answer 16

They can use mobilization, repositioning, and pressure-relieving devices to help prevent and treat.

Risk factors include the unconscious patient not being able to move on their own and not being able to help identify when pressure is becoming painful.

To prevent this healthcare workers need to work cross discipline.