Cardiac Flashcards
- Identify the 2 components needed to measure cardiac output.
a. Heart rate
b. Venous pressure
c. Vascular resistance
d. Stroke volume
A and D
Heart rate and stroke volume
- Increasing venous return to the heart __________ the filling pressure of the ventricle, causing the stroke volume to ______________.
a. Increases; decrease
b. Increases; increase
c. Decreases; decrease
d. Decreases, increase
B increase and increase
- Which of the following is not typically treated as a vital sign?
a. Temperature
b. Heart Rate
c. Respiratory Rate
d. Blood Oxygen Saturation
e. Blood Pressure
D. o2 saturation
- Which of the following is a measurement for Hemodynamics?
a. Intracranial pressure
b. Central Venous Pressure
c. Blood-O2 levels
d. Blood glucose levels
B . central venus pressure
- What disciplines are necessary in an interdisciplinary approach?
a. Physicians
b. Nursing
c. Anesthesia
d. Engineering
e. All of the above
E. all of the above
- Multiple Choice Question: Which method of Cardiac output monitoring is the most invasive?
a. PiCCO
b. FloTrak
c. Swan-Ganz Catheter
d. Bioimpedance
C. swan-ganz catheter
- What is not a “pro” for invasive cardiac output monitoring?
a. Highly accurate and reliable
b. Little to no risk for the patient
c. Predictive of shock states
d. Can provide continuous values
B. littel to no risk
- What is not a “con” for non-invasive cardiac output monitoring?
a. Reserved for ICU use
b. Risk for infection
c. Only for short term use
d. Less accurate than other methods
b. risk for infection
- Give an example of a non-invasive, minimally invasive, and invasive method for obtaining hemodynamics.
Bioimpedence , PiCCO, Swan-ganz catheter
respectivly
- What is cardiac output?
amount fo blood pumped out from the heart each min (liters/min)
- _______ is the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end diastole, while _______ is the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood.
Preload, afterlaod
- How does the systolic pressure differ from the diastolic?
systolic is max pressure of the beat
diastolic is pressure in arteries in between beats
- Explain what the Frank-Starling Curve is. Draw and label it as well.
-The Frank-Starling curve describes the relationship between the preload, or initial length of the cardiac muscle fibers, and the stroke volume, or the amount of blood ejected by the heart during a single contraction.
-it is important in maintaining cardiac output during changes in preload, such as during exercise or changes in blood volume.
-stroke volume Y
-preload X
-increased contractility
-normal contractility
-decreased contractility
- What is the equation that can be used to calculate cardiac output? What is considered to be a normal cardiac output? Include units.
CO= Heart rate(BMP)*Stroke Volume(mL)
normal range at rest is 5-6 l/min
exercise is about 35 l/min
- What is the relationship between stroke volume and preload cardiac output?
stroke volume= amount of blood pumped out during of LV systolic contraction
Preload CO = amount of blood in ventricles at the end of diastolic pressure
Relationship = linear relationship dealing with the contractibility of the ventricle when blood enters and leaves ( both increase or decrease together)
