pressure groups' methods

Question 1

working within the governmental system - IG

Answer 1

-influencing government
-insider groups try to directly influence ministers + civil servants through contributions to consultations or meetings

Question 2

working within the governmental system - IP

Answer 2

-influencing parliament
-they lobby MPs to try and influence their votes on gov. bills
-can convince MPs to introduce private members’ bills
-can lobby house of lords

Question 3

working within the governmental system - IPP

Answer 3

-influencing political parties
-some PGs attend party conferences to try and influence members and key figures

Question 4

working within the governmental system - UC

Answer 4

-using courts
-PGs can try to overturn gov decisions with legal action using judicial review
-however the criminal justice and courts act 2015 made it more difficult for charities to use judicial review, as the gov. claimed they used it too often to delay legislation

Question 5

working outside the governmental system - ATTP

Answer 5

-appealing to the public
-use the media ti attract public support
-demonstrations and marches can bring important issues to the public’s attention .e.g BLM summer 2020 protests across the UK highlighted systematic racism

Question 6

working outside the governmental system - BC

Answer 6

-background campaigns
-long term educational and proaganda campaigns can prduce significant shifts in public opinion
- e.g. ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’ campaign used by environmental PGs

Question 7

working outside the governmental system - DA

Answer 7

-direct action
-e.g. marches, strikes
-e.g. just stop oil protesters stormed track at grand national
-in its most extreme form, it can include violence - e.g. stop huntingdon animal cruelty harassed and attacked individuals linked an animal testing centre