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AQA A Level Politics - UK > Pressure Groups > Flashcards

Pressure Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Example of an insider group

A

The British Medical Association (BMA)

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2
Q

What are the main aims of the BMA

A

Acts as the doctors trade union, to improve pay and conditions

Lobbies the government for improvements to healthcare and public health

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3
Q

Examples of the BMA successfully lobbying government

A

A minimum unit price for alcohol sales
A sugar tax on drinks
Banning smoking indoors

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4
Q

What was the BMA’s membership

A

160,000 doctors and medical students

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5
Q

What are insider groups

A

Those that are consulted by the government and therefore have insider status. Need to be law abiding with a good public image to retain trust from government

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6
Q

Example of the BMA organising a strike

A

Organised the first full strike by junior doctors in April 2016, over changes to the junior doctors’ contract

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7
Q

Examples of the government implanting policies pushed by the BMA

A

An opt-out system for organ donation (2020)
A sugar tax on fizzy drinks (2018)
A smoking ban in enclosed public places (2007)
Compulsory seatbelts for all occupants of cars (1991)

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8
Q

Example of an outsider group

A

Extinction Rebellion

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9
Q

What are the aims of Extinction Rebellion

A

Make government act faster on climate change

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10
Q

What methods have Extinction Rebellion used

A

Direct action and civil disobedience
Mass protests
Mass arrests, which are intended to fill police cells

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11
Q

How have Extinction Rebellion used mass protest

A

Blocking roads and buildings
Gluing themselves to buildings and train carriages
Spraying the Treasury with fake blood

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12
Q

How have Extinction Rebellion used mass arrests

A

1828 protesters were arrested in October 2019

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13
Q

What ways can pressure groups work within the system

A

Influencing government
Influencing parliament
Including political parties
Using the courts

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14
Q

What ways can pressure groups work outside the system

A

Appealing to the public
Background campaigns
Short-term campaigns
Direct action

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15
Q

What factors are likely to affect the political influence of pressure groups

A

Membership
Resources
Aims
Public support
Methods
Celebrity endorsement
Links with political parties
Links with government
Relationship with media
Legal victories

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16
Q

Example of a pressure group with a highly regarded membership

A

BMA

17
Q

What’s an example of government ignoring a pressure group with a large membership

A

BMA

18
Q

What’s an example of a highly funded pressure group

A

CBI - 13 offices across the UK

19
Q

Example of a pressure group winning legal battles

A

ClientEarth

20
Q

Example of a pressure group with an easily achievable aim

A

The Snowdrop Campaign

21
Q

Example of a pressure group going too far with its methods

A

Stop Huntington Animal Cruelty 2014

22
Q

Example of celebrity endorsement

A

Marcus Rashford in 2020

23
Q

Example of a pressure group endorsing government policy

A

BMA endorsed Labour’s 2007 smoking ban

24
Q

Example of a pressure group influencing policy

A

BMA and Labour’s 2007 smoking ban

25
Q

Example of the media supporting a pressure groups aims

A

The Snowdrop Campaign

26
Q

Example of the media not supporting a pressure groups aims

A

Newspapers criticised the BMA’s doctors’ strike

27
Q

Example of a pressure group taking the government to court

A

The Stonehenge Alliance took the government to court over its planned £1.7 billion road and tunnel project at the World Heritage Site

2021 - the High Court rule the development unlawful as the government had failed to consider the impact of the scheme

28
Q

What are other influences on parliament and government

A

Thinks tanks
Lobbyists
Corporations
The media

29
Q

Example of a centre-left think tank? What are its aims?

A

The Institute for Public Policy Research

Aims to develop progressive policies

30
Q

Example of a right wing think tank? What are its aims?

A

The Institute of Economic Affairs

Supports neo-liberal, free market ideas

31
Q

Example of a neutral think tank? What are its aims?

A

The King’s Fund

Focussed on improving health and care in England

AQA A Level Politics - UK (12 decks)

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