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Presentation Buzz Words Flashcards

1
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Ground glass appearance on HRCT

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

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2
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Wedge-shape infarct CXR

A

PE

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3
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Tram-line shadowing

A

Bronchiectasis

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4
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Erythema nodosum (very painful)

A

Conditions - Crohn’s & Sarcoid
Infection - TB, Syphilis & Strep
Oestrogen related - Pregnancy & OCP

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5
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

String sign stenosis on barium enema

A

Crohn’s disease
Colon Cancer
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Carcinoid

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6
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Lead pipe sign, thumbprinting AXR

A

UC

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7
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Sentinel loop AXR (=dilated bowel from local ileus)

A

RUQ Pancreatitis, LUQ Cholecystitis, RIF appendicitis

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8
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Cotton wool spots retina

A

Hypertensive retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy

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9
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Recurrent chest infections + steatorrhoea + infertile + sweat test

A

CF

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10
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Fine crepitations

A

APO, pulmonary fibrosis

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11
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pleuritic chest pain

A

PE, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pericarditis

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12
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy + hyperCalcaemia + high serum ACE

A

Sarcoid

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13
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Early onset emphysema & liver disease

A

Alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency

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14
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Hay exposure + fever + cough + SOB hours after exposure

A

Extrinsic allergic alveolitis

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15
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Clubbing

A 
C yanotic heart disease
L ung diseases
  A bscess
  B ronchiectasis
  C ystic fibrosis
  D on’t say COPD!!!!
  E mpyema
  F ibrosis
U lceratice colitis + Crohn’s (Inflammatory bowel diseases)
B iliary cirrhosis
B irth defect
I nfective endocarditis
N eoplasm (Lung Ca, mesothelioma)
G I malabsorption (Coeliac disease)
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16
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pneumonia + Positive cold agglutinins exposure

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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17
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Midline neck mass that moves on swallowing & on tongue protrusion

A

Thyroglossal cyst (vs Thyroid goitre = does not move with tongue protrusion)

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18
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Eye ‘down and out’

A

CN III palsy (Occulomotor nerve)

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19
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Bitemporal hemianopia

A

Pituitary adenoma

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20
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Homonymous hemianopia

A

Optic radiation injury or occipital cortex injury

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21
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Superior quadrant-anopia

A

Temporal lobe lesion

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22
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Anosmia + rhinorrhea + ‘racoon eyes’

A

Basal skull fracture

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23
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Sudden onset ‘kicked in back of head’ headache + N/V

A

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

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24
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Testicular swelling, can’t palpate above, can palpate epididymis and testis separately, non-transluminable, +ve cough impulse

A

Inguinal hernia

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25
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Macrocytic anaemia+ glossitis + periph neuropathy

A

B12 deficiency (cobalamin)

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26
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Macrocytic anaemia + phenytoin or trimethoprim or methotrexate

A

Folate deficiency

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27
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia

A

B1 deficiency (thiamine) = Wernike’s encephalopathy

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28
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Macrocytic anaemia + slow relaxing reflexes + thin hair

A

Hypothyroidism

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29
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Microcytic anaemia + chronic NSAIDs

A

Iron deficiency anaemia

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30
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Young African + anaemia + jaundice + hepatosplenomegaly + priapism + ‘Fever & chest pain’

A

Sickle cell anaemia (with ‘Sickle Chest’)

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31
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Skull bossing, maxillary hypertrophy

A

Beta-Thalassaemia, Acromegaly

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32
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Protruding sternum, varus legs, lumbar lordosis

A

Ricketts

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33
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Internuclear opthalmoplegia

A

MS

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34
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Young female patient presents with random eye symptoms and 2 unrelated neurological signs

A

MS

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35
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Best test: anti-endomysial, others are anti-transglutaminase, anti-gliadin (IgA/G/E), low IgA levels

A

Coeliac’s

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36
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Aversion to smoking + RUQ pain

A

Acute hepatitis

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37
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Middle aged WOMAN + pruritus, jaundice, pigmentation, xanthomata

A

PBC

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38
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Middle aged MAN + pruiritus, jaundice, abdominal pain, increased ALP + UC

A

PSC

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39
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

RUQ pain + jaundice + fever (charcot’s triad)

A

Ascending cholangitis

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40
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Confusion + ataxia + opthalmaplegia

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

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41
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pork + Reiter’s syndrome + unpasteurised milk

A

Yersinia

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42
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Hamburgers + bloody + HUS + toxic megacolon

A

EHEC

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43
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Traveller’s

A

ETEC

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44
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Enclosed institutions, education, jail

A

Shigella (if small bloody stools), mycoplasma (if respiratory)

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45
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Chicken + rose spot rash

A

Salmonella if systemic fever causes other infections

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46
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Milk or poultry or meat

A

Campylobacter jejuni (3-5 days) - most common in Australia

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47
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Meat + gas + bubble rap skin (in skin infection - subcutaneous emphysema = gas gangrene)

A

C. perfringens

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48
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Upper GI nausea and vomitting within 6 hours

A

Staph aureus

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49
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Rice water stool + comma shaped and shooting star motility on dark film microscopy

A

Vibrio cholera treat with up to 50L of fluids within 5 days

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50
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Toxin A

A

C. diff

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51
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Numerous calcified nodules

A

TB, Histoplasmosis, varicella pneumonitis, CRF = HardCore TV

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52
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

RIF + recent viral bronchitis

A

Mesenteric adenitis

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53
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Foot drop

A

Common peroneal nerve

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54
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Wrist drop + fracture of humeral shaft

A

Radial nerve

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55
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Clawed hand

A

Ulnar nerve

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56
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Thenar atrophy

A

Median nerve

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57
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Deltoid atrophy

A

Axillary nerve

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58
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Winged scapula

A

Long thoracic nerve

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59
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

ADDERS = Adduction, external rotation and shortening of hip

A

Neck of femur fracture

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60
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Fractured clavicle

A

Broad sling

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61
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Undisplaced fracture of humerus

A

Collar and cuff sling

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62
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Loss of sensation just below the shoulder (i.e. deltoid)

A

Axillary nerve damage secondary to anterior dislocation

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63
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Painful shoulder locked in medial rotation after seizure

A

Posterior dislocation

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64
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Stiffness history, but previously very painful

A

Adhesive capsulitis

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65
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Twisting injury + locked in

A

Meniscal tear

66
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Carpet layer with swelling over the patella

A

Pre-patellar bursitis (housemaid’s bursitis)

67
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Question mark posture

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

68
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Oligospermia

A

Sulfasalazine

69
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Swollen gum hypertrophy

A

Cyclosporin

70
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Intramuscular DMARD that gives you itchy erythematous rash all over the body (exfoliative dermatitis)

A

Gold and sulphonamides

71
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Retinopathy

A

Hydroxychloroquine

72
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Gallow’s traction

A

Kid with femoral fracture

73
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Thoracic scoliosis + vertebral wedge shaped thoracic XR

A

Scheuermann’s disease

74
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Prophylaxis of VT

A

Oral amiodraone

75
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Loud S1 Mitral

A

MS (S for strong)

76
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Soft S1 Mitral

A

MR (R for reduced)

77
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Increased Na+ + decreased K+/H+ + hypertension

A

Conn’s (hyperaldosteronism)

78
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Large A wave + slow y descent

79
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pulseless electrical activity = asystole = 4Hs + 4Ts

A

CPR
+ adrenaline/vasopressin
+ atropine

80
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Shockable rhythms (pulseless VT/VF)

A 
CPR
\+ defib
\+ adrenaline/vasopressin
\+ magnesium
\+ anti-arrhythmic
81
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Bilateral Cavitating bronchopneumonia after influenza/elderly/IVDU

A

Staph aureus

82
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pathergy reaction is +ve

A

Behcet’s disease

Pyoderma gangrenosum

83
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

ADD FER = Adduction + flexion + external rotation

A

Femoral shaft fracture

84
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Thumb printing on AXR

85
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Epigastric pain relieved by eating

A

Duodenal ulcer

86
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Epigastric pain made worse by eating

A

Gastric ulcer

87
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Duodenal ulcer cause

A

99% H. pylori

88
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Dyspepsia for a while

A

Gastric carcinoma

89
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Anaemia and LOW + mass in RIF

A

Caecal carcinoma

90
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Suspect pseudocyst

A

CT abdomen

91
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Middle aged man, joint pain (shows chondrocalcinosis), CLD (bronze diabetes) + dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Haemochromatosis

92
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Raised serum iron and ferritin with decreased total iron binding capacity

A

Haemochromatosis

93
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Greenish-brown ring that can be seen at the corneoscleral junction. It is caused by copper deposition in Descemet’s membrane

A

Wilson’s disease

94
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Increased unconjugated bilirubin during fasting/illness/dehydration

A

Gilbert’s syndrome

95
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

ALP raised + female

96
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Tender breast + pyrexial

A

Mastitis caused by staph aureus

97
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Visible punctum

A

Sebaceous cyst

98
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Slow growing + lobulated mass

99
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

A 28-year-old man presents with a painless swelling on the dorsum of the right hand. Examination reveals a smooth, spherical, tense, 1.5 cm swelling. The overlying skin can be drawn over it

A

Ganglion cyst

100
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Mobile over subcutanoues tissues with a central necrotic core

A

Keratocanthoma

101
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

A 28-year-old man presents with halitosis and regurgitation of food. He has a lump in the posterior triangle (behind the sternocleidomastoid between thyropharyngeal and cricopharyngeal muscles)

A

Pharyngeal pouch

102
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Usually painless unless there is infection involved. The back of the cyst is deep to the sternocleidomastoid and it is not very mobile because it is attached to/closely associated with surrounding structures

A

Branchial cyst

103
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Measuring lead

A

Whole blood lead concentration corrected for haematocrit (not serum lead)

104
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Four degreses of haemorrhoids

A

First degree - remains in the rectum
Second degree - pops out on defecation, but pops back in afterwards
Third degree - pops out on defecation and needs finger to push it back in
Fourth degree - cannot be reduced

105
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Coeliac disease

A

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

106
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Psoas shadow + senile loop of proximal jejunum

A

Acute pancreatitis

107
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

40-year-old woman presents with skin hyperpigmentation after bilateral adrenalectomy

A

Nelson’s syndrome

108
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Diagnostic test for acromegaly

A

Oral glucose tolerance test

109
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

30-year-old woman with poor diet complains of bleeding gums

A

Patient has scurvy hence deficient in vitamin C

110
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Symmetrical dermatitis on sun exposed skin, diarrhoea

A

Pellagra from loss of nictonic acid (vitamin B3).

Diarrhoea, dermatitis, dementia & death

111
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Amphotericin + prominent U waves

A

Hypokalaemia

112
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Long term TPN + crusting around the nostrils and corner of mouth

A

Zinc deficiency

113
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Treating hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy

A

Bisphosphonates

114
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Increased urine osmolality = increase in reabsorption of water + decreased plasma osmolality

115
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Decreased urine osmolality + increased plasma osmolality

A

Diabetes insipidus (either cranial when pituitary not secreting OR nephrogenic when kidenys are not sensitive to ADH)

116
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Hyponatermia + hyperlipidaemia

A

Pseudohyponatraemia refers to a spuriously low plasma sodium concentration caused by hyperlipidaemia/hyperproteinaemia

117
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

PTH-releasing tumour

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (non-small cell lung)

118
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Painful proximal motor neuropathy affecting the lower limbs, followed by weakness and wasting of the thigh muscles

A

Diabetic amyotrophy

119
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Diabetes plus pro-thrombotic state

120
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

T1DM with hypoglycaemia with BG of 2mmol/L

A

IV 50% glucose

121
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Livedo reticularis = mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears like a lace-like purplish discoloration of the lower extremities; look for on buttocks and legs

A

Cholesterol emboli

122
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Hyperkalaemia + low bicarbonate in renal failure

A

Metabolic acidosis

123
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Abdominal pain + steatorrhoea + diabetes

A

Chronic pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism

124
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Health care worker + rigors

125
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pleuritic chest pain + cough + bone pain/joint pain (i.e. multi-organ) + Northern Territory

A

Melioidosis

126
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Patient complains of enlarged glands more painful when drinking alcohol

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

127
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pregnant lady + UTI

A

Cephalexin or amoxicillin + clavaunic acid

128
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

First line medication for chlamydia

A

Tetracyclines (don’t use in pregnancy)

129
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Teeth staining + oesophagitis + thrush

A

Tetracylince side effects

130
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Yellow offensive vaginal discharge + motile flagellate organism on wet film

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

131
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Trichomonas vaginalis/flagellate organism

A

Metronidazole

132
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Impetigo = a weeping, exudative area with a characteristic honey coloured crusting on the surface

A

Staph aureus

133
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Burrows in digital web spaces

A

Scabies (treat with topical malathion)

134
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Invasive aspergillosis

A

IV amphotericin

135
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Tinea pedis

A

Terbinafine

136
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Warfarin + fungal toe-nails, what to avoid?

A

The -azoles are CYP450 inhibitors hence enhance toxicity of warfarin

137
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

CMV retinitis = mozzarella and tomato pizza appearance

A

Ganciclovir

138
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Hepatitis C

A

Interferon alpha + ribavirin

139
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Vomitting, hyperventilation, tinnitus and sweating + respiratory alkalosis (caused by hyperventilation) followed by metabolic acidosis

A

Aspirin overdose = give charcoal

140
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Drowsy + hypotensive + signs of respiratory depression

A

Overdose on diazepam = give flumazenil

141
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Dilated pupils, blurred vision and seizures + tachycardic and wide QRS complexes

A

Overdose on TCA = give sodium bicarbonate as antidote

142
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Illegal drugs that dilate the pupil

A

TCA = tricyclics, cocaine, amphetamine

143
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Illegal drugs that constrict the pupil

A

Heroin = treat with naloxone

144
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Smell of almonds on his breath + confusion + cyanosis

A

Cyanide poisoning

145
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Headache + drowsy + vomitting + flushed cherry-pink skin

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning - treat with hyperbaric oxygen therapy

146
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Antidote for organophosphate insecticides (constricted pupils + anti-SLUDGE)

147
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Paints + metal workers + water pipes

A

Lead poisoning

148
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Overdose on lead/mercury

A

Give dimercaprol

149
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

HIV therapy presents with circumoral paraesthesia + glucose intolerance + hypertriglyceridemia

A

Protease inhibitors (end in avir)

150
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Photosensitivity + treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

A

Amiodarone

151
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus drug cause

152
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Metal taste + loss of weight = diabetes drug

153
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Increased weight = diabetes drug

A

Sulphonylurea = gliclazide

154
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Spironolactone + ACE inhibitor = side effect?

A

Hyperkalaemia

155
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Treatment of migraine that causes dystonia

A

Metoclopramide

156
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Gum hypertrophy, nausea, vomitting, tremor and acne

A

Phenytoin SE

157
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Pancreatitis rare side effect of treatment for epilepsy

158
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Dyspepsia caused by a drug

159
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Fever + jaundice + reddened conjunctivae + renal failure + pulmonary haemorrhage

A

Weil’s disease OR Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae = treat with penicillin

160
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Metastatic breast cancer with vomiting and abdominal pain + dry mucous membranes + relatively high calcium

A

Bone mets = treat with IV fluids + pamidronate

161
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Bitten by bat’s

A

Rabies (rhabdovirus - incubation time of 3 months - get fever, malaise, headache and itching at the site of the bite, hyperexcitability to auditory and visual stimulation)

162
Q

Presentation Buzz Words

Treatment of MS

A

Acutely = methylprednisolone
Maintenance = interferon beta (reduces number of relapses)

Buzz Words (8 decks)

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