Prescribing In Geris & Paeds

Question 1

What is the true drug name for Tazocin

Answer 1

Piperacillin

Question 2

List the different types of laxatives and when they should be used

Answer 2

Bulk forming laxatives: e.g ispaghula husk
- for pt with small hard stools
- fibre in diet can not be increased
- works after 72 hrs
- worsens symptoms of bloating, cramping and flatulence

Stimulant laxatives: e.g senna, Bisacodyl
- contra-indicated in bowel obstruction

Faecal softener: e.g docusate, glycerol
- not appropriate for patients who have soft stool

Osmotic: e.g lactulose
- Not recommended for bloated patients
- can cause dehydration

Question 3

Which laxatives should be given in opioid induced constipation?

Answer 3

Osmotic laxative and stimulant laxative. Avoid bulk formin laxatives

Question 4

Which drug is typically used to treat neuropathic pain in T2DM

Answer 4

Gabapentin

Question 5

Give the maintenance fluids for patients patients who are nil by mouth. Give water, Na+, K+, Cl- and glucose

Answer 5

Water: 25-30ml/kg/day
Electrolytes: 1mmol/kg/day
Glucose: 50-100g/day (1000ml 5% dextrose = 50g)

Question 6

What is the appropriate infusion rate for IV fluids for fluid maintenance

Answer 6

500ml over 4-6hrs or 1l over 8-12hrs. Just remember no more than 10mmol/L of potassium can be infused per hour

Question 7

How many mmol of sodium and chloride are found in 1L of 0.9% NaCl

Answer 7

154 mmol

Question 8

Give the minimum and maximum dose of bisoprolol

Answer 8

1.25mg to 20mg

Question 9

Give the minimum and maximum dose of atorvastatin

Answer 9

10mg to 80mg

Question 10

Give the starting dose of metformin

Answer 10

500mg

Question 11

Give 3 circumstances in which metformin should be stopped

Answer 11

• before surgery
• before CT with contrast
• eGFR <30