Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 6 > Prescribing > Flashcards

Prescribing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the max duration of Lymecycline?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the name of estrogens on hrt ?

A

Equine (conjugated estrogens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If someone is hyponatraemic, what is the fluid restriction limit?

A

1.5 litres a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do we givee to induce a withdrawal bleed?

A

Medroxyprogesterone 10 mg oral once a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

waht drug do we prescribe to treat parkinsons?

A

L-DOPA

on BNF it is; Co-Beneldopa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

side effects of methyldopa?

A 
nausea or vomiting
• postural hypotension
• worsening of peptic ulcer symptoms
• sweating
• discoloration of urine/sweat

• with long-term use:
– Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias.
– Neuropsychiatric problems. Confusion,
hallucinations, psychosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

oral thrush prescription?

A

Drug: Nystatin 100,000units/ml oral solution

dose; 1ml

route: PO
duration: QDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 drugs likely to cause arrhythmia in patients on cocktail of drugs and has COPD?

A

Ramipril

Salmeterol - and all B2 antagonist

isosorbide mononitrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

drug most likely to cause sore mouth in COPD patient?

A

Beclomethasone

Penicillins - Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

an elderly person is found confused at home and seems to be going into shock, with a SJS rash - you are given a list of drugs. which drugs should you STOP immediately.

A

Search on BNF “STOPP” - click on prescription in the elderly

This shows you stop/start criteria, drugs you stop in elderly when tehy become conffused etc.

Phenytoin - causing the SJS rash
Co-codamol - make sure they are not overdosing on paracetamol !

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A patient is taking Co-codamol 1g QDS and Parcaetamol 1g QDS. what problems might this pose?

A

co-codamol contains paracetamol

cannot take more than 4g day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pregnant woman taking salbutamol had stage 2 hypertention and proteinuria. rx?

A

Nifedipine!

because cant have labetalol cosov asthma.

or take 3rd line methyldopa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

woman has unprotected sex and wants emergency contaception. she is taking carbamazepine. what to prescribe her?

A

if you look at interactions of carbamazepine - ulipristal and levonogestrel are listed there

it is a cyp450 inducer

give copper icd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

You are prscribing a new drug for a patient. You have to give them information about key safety-netting things. where do you find this?

A

Patient and Carer ADvice section under the drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When you need to find description for treatment of overdose how do you search?

A

“Poisoning” on BNF

has useful info as in when to start rx eg paracetamol levels etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In late pregnancy, near term, what do you prescribe a woman who develops UTI?

A

A. Cefalexin 500mg PO twice daily for 7 days

Nitrofurantoin should be avoided in late pregnancy/at
term, due to neonatal haemolysis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

side effects of ACE inhibitors eg ramipril?

A

Dry cough
Hyperkalaemia
AKI

Avoid in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Contraindications of NSAIDs eg naproxen & diclofenac?

A

Asthma
CCF
Bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

common inducers of P450?

issue?

A

Carbemazepine
Riifampicin

issue: breaks down more drug = lower levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

common inhibitors of P450?

issue?

A

clarithromycin
ciprofloxacin

issue: inhibits drug breakdown = higher circulatory concentrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Common drugs inhibitors cause issues with?

A

Warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

potential allergy from Augmentin use?

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Want to know if to stop or continue drug before surgery. how to search on BNF?

A

Surgery and long-term medication

on treatment summaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

methotrexate is stopped in ?

A

acute infections

causes bone marrow suppression

25
Q

precipitators of lithium toxicity?

A

NSAIDs
Loop diuretics
Thiazide diuretics
ACEis

26
Q

drug causes of hyperglycaemia?

A

Steroids

Thiazide diuretics

27
Q

how to find contraceptive and HRT info on BNF?

A

treatment summary - > C -> contraceptives

or desogesterol for prog alone

HRT; Sex hormones

28
Q

drug reactions; Which drugs cause agranulocytosis?

A

Carbimazole - thyroid disease
Clozapine
Phenytoin
Methotrexate

29
Q

drug reactions; which drugs raixe INR in combination with warfarin?

A

Erythromycin
Clarithromycin

Ciprofloxacin
Fluconazole

often due to cyp450 enzymes

30
Q

you are looking to use a CCB alongside a B-Blocker. which CCB would you not use?

A

Non-dihydropyradine ones eg Verapamil, ditiazem

becuase reduce cardiac contractility leading to bradycardia

31
Q

what is the dose of for routine maintenance fluids?

A

25-30 ml/kg/day of IV sodium chloride

this calculates requirement over 24 hours then /by3 for 8 hourly preparation.

routine fluid used eg if aptient nbm before surgery.

32
Q

patients comes in with anaemia secondary to IBD. how to treat?

A

avoid oral iron as can make IBD worse!

IV transfusion - iron dextran

33
Q

in hypothyroidism, how do we adjust drug dose?

A

based on TSH levels

TSH >5 ; increase levothyroxine
TSH <0.4; reduce levo

34
Q

what do we prescribe in neutropaenic sepsis?

A

IV Tazocin -> piperacillin and Tazobactam

35
Q

where to find info on managing drug reactions?

A

poisoning emergency treatment on bnf

36
Q

which drug interaction with clarithromycin are we most concerned of?

A

warfarin becuase its so common - dangerous

37
Q

a woman is on hrt - progynova - her LFTs become deranged and she becomes jaundiced. what to do next?

A

stop the hrt

38
Q

what is the first line pain relief in renal colic?

A

NSAID eg Diclofenac sodium once only or Naproxen once only

39
Q

in the prescription of hydrocortisone, what strength should you start?

A

1% NOT 0.5

40
Q

which drugs incrrease lithium cocentration and why?

A

NSAIDs, ACEIs

they reduce GFR

if they increase serum lithium levels, stop both them and lithium, with view to restart lithium

41
Q

in amending opioid prescriptions, what should the new maintenance and breakthrough dose be as %?

A

maintenance should be 50% of current daily dose

breakthough dose should be 1/6th of current daily dose

see jan mscaa mock

42
Q

How do we prescribe ibuprofen usually?

A

400mg TDS

43
Q

Which opiates are fine in renal impairment?

A

TraMadol
Buprenorphine
Fentanyl
Oxycodone

44
Q

If a patient is taking an opiate short release preparation and the pain is not improving, next step?

A

Calculate how much he’s using now to determine how much to prescribe

Give modified release instead which stays around longer (MR dose; total dose divided by 2 then give 2x a day).

45
Q

Where do you find conversion fractions for opiates ?

A

Prescribing in palliative care - you find a whole table

Also on the paper in the PSA exam

46
Q

woman has had hysterectomy. what hrt should she have?

A

estrogen only;

PO or patch

eg FemSeven 50
Progynova

47
Q

which meds should be stopped before surgery?

A

BNF -> Surgery and longterm meds

I LACK OP

insulin
Lithium
antiplatelets/ anticoagualnts
cocp/hrt
potassium sparing diuretics

oral anti-hypoglycaemics
perindopril & Aceis

48
Q

a patient with severe copd needs O2. they have urosepsis, what o2 do we gie?

A

15L BY NON REBREATHE MASK

not venturi 24% as they are unwell and dont know if they are a retainer. hypoxia kills before hypercapnia.

49
Q

someone comes in with asthma and their sats are 89% what o2 to give?

A

2-6L/min O2 via nasal cannula

if sats are less than 85% then can start on 15L NRB

50
Q

in which situations would 2-6L/min O2 via nasal cannula

be needed?

A

ACS; acute coronary syndromes eg STEMI
Stroke
Pregnancy and obstetric emergencies
Hyperventilation and dysfunctional breathing

51
Q

dose conversions for mg, mcg and ng?

A

1 mg = 1000mcg

1 mcg = 1000ng

52
Q

30% solution is equivalent to what g in ml?

A

30% = 30g in 100ml

53
Q

1 in 1000 adrenaline in ml?

A

equivalent to 1mg/ml

54
Q

1 in 10,000 adrenaline in ml?

A

1mg/10ml

55
Q

a ptient with high INR on warfarin is bleeding, what must you do?

A

give Vitamin K - BNF is “Phytomenadione”
or type on treatment summaries “anticoagulants”

Give IV if bleed
otherwise PO if INR>8

56
Q

INR high on warfarin, reduce dose or stop warfarin?

A

INR 5-8 : stop warfarin or 2 days then reintroduce

INR high: reduce

57
Q

you want info on HRT contraindications. which treatment summary?

A

Sex hormones

58
Q

List some names of HRT to know!

A

e2 only;
Ellleste solo
Femseven
Progynova

combined;
Elleste duet - estradiol with norethisterone

-> remember need to specify number in the pack eg femseven 50

59
Q

what drugs do they love in the PSA?

A

Gentamicin - peak trough
Simvastatin - adverse reactions especially with clarithromycin. myalgia

ACEi - renal impairment. electrolyte disturbance
NSAIDs - above and ulcers

contraceptive/hrt review

Year 6 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions