Prepositions Flashcards

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1
Q

rules for à

A

à + le = au (masc)
à + les = aux (plu)
à la (fem)

means “to” “at” “in”

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2
Q

rules for de

A
de + le = du (masc)
de + les = des (plu)
de la (fem)

means “of” “from”

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3
Q

when to use à

A
  1. Current location/destination eg. il est à Lille (hes in Lille / Il va à Nantes
  2. Distance in time or space eg. le café est à 10 minutes. J’habite à 2 km
  3. Description - style eg. sac à main, cousu à la machine.
  4. Object - function “for” eg. verre à vin (wine glass) or salle à manger (dining room)
  5. Ingredient - one of several/ made with “salade au chèvre” thé au citron
  6. Possession - emphasis on owner eg. cette voiture est à moi or un ami à mon père.
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4
Q

when to use de

A
  1. Place: origin/starting location eg. il est de Lille (hes from Lille) Il part de Nantes (he’s leaving Nantes.
  2. Distance - point of reference eg. du magasin (from the shop) or d’ici (from here)
  3. Description - purpose/ defining feature eg. sac de couchage (sleeping bag) cousin de paillettes (sequinned)
  4. Object - contents of eg. verre de vin (glass of wine) or salle de bains
  5. Ingredient - primary ingredient “made of” eg. salade de fruits (fruit salad) jus de citron (lemon juice)
  6. Possession - general ownership. la voiture de Lise (Lise’s car) un ami de mon père (my dad’s friend)
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5
Q

after

A

après

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6
Q

before

A

avant

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7
Q

in

A

dans

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8
Q

from

A

de

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9
Q

since

A

depuis or dés

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10
Q

in

A

en

months
all seasons (except spring) en été
years eg. en 2008

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11
Q

until

A

jusque

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12
Q

during

A

pendant

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13
Q

next to

A

à coté de

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14
Q

right

A

à droite (de)

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15
Q

left

A

à gauche (de)

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16
Q

beyond

A

au delá (de)

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17
Q

below

A

au-dessous de

but not immediately beneath

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18
Q

above

A

au-dessus de

but not immediately on top of

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19
Q

through

A

à travers

par (no de)

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20
Q

at someone’s house

A

chez

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21
Q

against

A

contre (no de)

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22
Q

in, into

A

dans

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23
Q

from

A

de

24
Q

derrière

A

behind (no de)

25
Q

in, to

A

en

26
Q

outside

A

en dehors (de)

27
Q

across

A

en face (de)

28
Q

out of, outside of

A

hors (de)

29
Q

far

A

loin (de)

30
Q

near

A

près (de)

31
Q

under

A

sous (no de)

32
Q

directly on/over

A

sur (no de)

33
Q

towards

A

in the direction of something

vers

34
Q

near

A

vers

35
Q

with

A

avec

36
Q

d’après

A
according to (a source)
eg. d'après le journal
37
Q

made of (material

A

en

38
Q

by (means of transportation except bicycle)

A

en (voiture, train etc. )

39
Q

between

A

entre

eg. entre les arbres, entre toi et moi

40
Q

except for

A

excepté / sauf

41
Q

thanks to

A

grâce à

42
Q

despite

A

malgré

43
Q

by means of eg. means instrument / manner

A

par

eg. par mail

44
Q

by (referring to the cause of the action in the passive

A

par

la voiture est lavée par le garçon

45
Q

per (distribution)

A

par

eg. trois fois par semaine

46
Q

among

A

parmi

47
Q

for eg. purpose or intention

A

pour

eg. pour le travail

48
Q

for a recipient

A

pour

eg. un cadeau pour mon père

49
Q

for in an agreement

A

pour

être pour une idée

50
Q

without

A

sans

51
Q

depending on

A

selon

eg. selon les possibilités

52
Q

according to

A

selon

eg. selon moi our selon le journal

53
Q

about/approx

A

environ

54
Q

at the edge / side of

A

au bord de

55
Q

because of

A

à cause de

56
Q

at the bottom of

A

au fond de

57
Q

in the middle of

A

au milieu de