PREPARATIONS 7- 10 Flashcards
Cold cream, white ointment; zinc oxide, sulfur
Semi-solid preparation containing one or more medicinal agents dissolved or dispersed in either an oil-in water emulsion or in another type of water washable base
Creams
Easier to spread and remove than ointment
Creams
Description compaired to ointment
Lighter, less viscous, imparts pseudoplastic flow when applied
Vanishing cream, tends to vanish on skin
Oil in water (O/W)
Example of (O/W)
Shaving cream, hand cream, foundation cream
Cold cream, imparts oily feeling on skin
Water in Oil (W/O)
Example of (W/O)
Emollient cream (Cold cream- Galen’s cream)
Uses of cream
Emollient, cleansing property as base
From head of sperm whale; animal wax
Spermaceti
Scientific name of sperm whale
Physeta macrocephalus
Category of cold cream
Cream, oil in water emulsion
Synonym of cold cream
Petrolatum rose water ointment, Galen’s cerate, Unguentum aquae
description of cold cream
white, semisolid
uses of cold cream
used in topical skin products and in products rectally and vaginally
emollient, cleansing cream and ointment base
Method of preparation used
Fusion method
spermaceti is a
viscocity modifier
semi-solid preparation intended for external application to skin and mucous membrane
Ointment
Characteristics of Ointment
Free from grittiness
Becomes rancid with time
Easily spread
Uses
emollient- skin pliable
protective barrier and vehicle - for medication
Packaging of ointment-
when removing, scrape it from the surface, do not dig
Jars
Digging oinment leads to
greater surface area exposed greater rancidity and growth of bacteria
more preferred, less exposure
Tubes
non-water washable, anhydrous and insoluble in water, cannot absorb or contain water
Oleaginous base
Example of non-water washable that cannot absorb water
petrolatum, synthetic ester, lanolin derivative
non-water washable, anhydrous and insoluble can absorb water
Absorption Base
Example of non-water washable that can absorb water
Hydrophilic petrolatum, woolfat (anhydrous lanolin)
Example of emulsion base (o/w)
hydrophilic ointment and vanishing cream
Example of emulsion base (w/o)
hydrous wollfat and cold cream
Example of water soluble base
PEG (polyethylene glycol ointment), propylene glycol
Method of preparation of ointment- use of mortar and pestle that reduces the impalpable powder to reduce grittiness and to form a very smooth nucleus
Levigation
Method of preparation- use of heat before adding soft, oleaginous material
Fusion
Category of White Ointment
Hydrocarbon or Oleaginous base
Synonym of White Ointment
Salve, Charisma, Simple Ointment, Unguentum Simplex
Description of White Ointment
white, semisolid preparation that is insoluble in water
Uses of White Ointment
Emollient effect, protection against the escape of moisture and effectiveness as occlusive dressing
may also be used as vehicle in the preparation of medicated ointment
Method of preparation used in ointment
Fusion method
Category of Zinc Oxide Ointment
Medicated Ointment
Synonym of Zinc Oxide
Unguentum zinci oxide, zinc ointment
Description of Zinc Oxide
white, semi-solid preparayion
Uses of Zinc Oxide
mild, astringent, protective, and antiseptic action
treatment of dry skin and skin disorder like eczema, pruritis, psoriasis
Formulation of Zinc Oxide
contains not less than 18.5% and not more than 21.5% of ZnO
Method of preparation of Zinc Oxide
Mechanical incorporation
Remarks
should be preserved in a well closed container and avoid prolong exposure to temperature exceeding 30 C
Category of Sulfur Ointment
Medicated ointment
Synonym of Sulfur Ointment
Unguentum sulfuris
Description of Sulfur Ointment
yellow, semisolid preparation
Uses of Sulfur Ointment
parasiticide, used to treat ringworm and scabies
Formulation of Sulfur Ointment
contains not less that 9.6% and not more than 10.5% of sulfur
Method of preparation of Sulfur Ointment
Mechanical incorporation
What is the active ingredient? (SO)
Precipitated sulfur
What is the hydrocarbon base? (SO)
White ointment
What is the levigating agent?
Mineral Oil
