Preparation and Administration of CM and IV Solutions

Question 1

Why is there a need to question the patient’s age?

Answer 1

To calculate for their correct dose; pedia and geriatrics does not have the same dose for example

Question 2

Patients who are sensitive to (1) or (2) has a broader range for allergic rection

Answer 2

1. aspirin
2. penicillin

Question 3

Red blood cells become hard and sticky and get stuck in small blood vessels, resulting in pain and other serious complications.

Answer 3

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

Question 4

Sudden spike in BP (among other symptoms)

Answer 4

Pheochromocytoma

Question 5

Common Laboratory test for Patient Assessment associated with the Introduction of CM

Answer 5

BUN
Creatinine

Question 6

Byproduct of protein metabolism

Answer 6

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Question 7

BUN aka

Answer 7

Serum urea nitrogen

Question 8

A metabolite associated with skeletal muscle mass.

Answer 8

Creatinine

Question 9

Both BUN and creatinine are (1) waste products that are excreted by the kidneys. When a disease process compromises (2), the kidneys’ ability to clear these potentially toxic substances is impaired and the serum levels increase. For this reason, levels of both BUN and serum creatinine are measured to aid in the assessment of (3).

Answer 9

1. non-protein nitrogenous
2. kidney function
3. renal function

Question 10

Elevated BUN and creatinine levels indicate (1), which increases the risk of (2)

Answer 10

1. impaired kidney function
2. contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)

Question 11

A condition where kidney functin worsens after exposure to contrast media

Answer 11

contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)

Question 12

Serum Creatinine
Infants-3 years old

Answer 12

0.3-0.7 mg/dl

Question 13

Serum Creatinine
3-18 years old

Answer 13

0.5-1.0 mg/dl

Question 14

Serum Creatinine
Adults 18 and above

Answer 14

0.6-1.3 mg/dl

Question 15

BUN
Children

Answer 15

5-18 mg/dl

Question 16

BUN
Adults

Answer 16

7-18 mg/dl

Question 17

BUN
Adults 60 and above

Answer 17

8-20 mg/dl

Question 18

Abnormally high BUN levels which may indicate impaired renal function

Answer 18

Azotemia

Question 19

Elevated BUN values

Answer 19

greater than 20 mg/dl

Question 20

Aside from impaired kidney function, elevated BUN values (greater than 20 mg/dl) are also seen in cases of (1), (2), (3), and (4)

Answer 20

1. acute myocardial infarction
2. congestive heart failure
3. dehydration
4. excessive protein intake

Question 21

The designated amount of drug is administered at one time

Answer 21

Direct push

Question 22

Usually lasts for a period of several minutes.

Answer 22

Direct push

Question 23

Direct push aka

Answer 23

Bolus

Question 24

-When selecting a site:
✓ Do not select a vein over a joint.
✓ Volar (palm) side of the wrist must not be used.

Answer 24

Direct push

Question 25

Direct push 2 types

Answer 25

Infusion:
Bolus:

Question 26

Involves a slow, continuous delivery of medication over time.

Answer 26

Infusion

Question 27

Dellivers the drug all at once for an immediate effect

Answer 27

Bolus

Question 28

Used if there is larger amount of drug, fluid, electrolytes (250mL- 1000mL). And it lasts for a long period of time (hours to days).

Answer 28

Drip infusion (Primary tubing)

Question 29

Small site/less than 1 hour administration, the antecubital vein is selected.

Answer 29

Drip infusion (Primary tubing)

Question 30

Antecubital vein is not used for extended IV therapy.

Answer 30

Drip infusion (Primary tubing)

Question 31

If the IV infusion is prolonged: veins in the forearms and back of hand are selected.

Answer 31

Drip infusion (Primary tubing)

Question 32

Veins in the lower arm are recommended. (Basilic and Cephalic Vein)

Answer 32

Drip infusion (Primary tubing)

Question 33

Small IV infusion (100mL-250mL) which is attached to an existing line.

Answer 33

Piggyback (Secondary tubing)

Question 34

-It flows into the vein at the intended rate.

Answer 34

Piggyback (Secondary tubing)

Question 35

-When fully administered, the original IV solution is continued.

Answer 35

Piggyback (Secondary tubing)

Question 36

Secondary vs Primary Tubing

Answer 36

Piggyback: always fewer (smaller) medication; positioned higher than the drip infusion to allow faster flow of medication toward tubing

Secondary: attached to y port
primaty: attached to pt

Question 37

Torniquet is a flat elastic band usually (1) or (2). It is used for (3) and is usually placed (4) above the access site or (5) above the wrist

Answer 37

1. rubber
2. latex
3. vein dilation
4. 2-3”
5. 3-4”

Question 38

A small syringe of saline solution is often used to flush the IV line before and after the medication to ensure it is clear and that the drug has been fully delivered.

Answer 38

Saline flush

Question 39

A glass container with a rubber stopper circled by a metal band. The rubber stopper is protected from contamination by a plastic cap.

Answer 39

Vial

Question 40

Some vials are for (1). If this is the case, it is considered (2) after it has been used for 24 hours and must be discarded.

Answer 40

1. multidose use
2. contaminated

Question 41

Made of glass and contains a single dose of a drug.

Answer 41

Ampule

Question 42

The ampule is labeled with the (1), the (2), and the (3).

Answer 42

1. name of the drug
2. dosage per mL
3. route for administration

Question 43

The capacity of a syringe can vary from —

Answer 43

1-50 mL

Question 44

A part of syringe that pushes the liquid/solution

Answer 44

Plunger

Question 45

Contains the liquid/solution

Answer 45

Barrel

Question 46

The end of the syringe where the needle is attached/fastened

Answer 46

Tip

Question 47

A small, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein to provide access for the administration of medications, fluids, or contrast agents during IV push and IV infusion procedures.

Answer 47

Cannula

Question 48

Needle vs Cannula

Answer 48

Needle:
- Sharp tip
- Short and rigid
- Multiple entry points
- Excellent precision

Cannula:
- Blunt t ip
- Long and flexible
- Few entry points
- Less bruising and swelling

Question 49

Cannula color recommended for elderly and neonates

Answer 49

Violet

Question 50

Cannula color recommended for very fragile veins

Answer 50

Yellow

Question 51

Cannula color recommended for elderly and pediatric pt

Answer 51

Yellow; Blue

Question 52

Cannula color recommended for chemotherapy infusions

Answer 52

Blue

Question 53

Cannula color recommended for medications and hydrations

Answer 53

Pink

Question 54

Cannula color that is multipupose

Answer 54

Pink

Question 55

Cannula color recommended for blood transfusion

Answer 55

Green

Question 56

Cannula color recommended for trauma

Answer 56

Grey

Question 57

Cannula color recommended for surgery

Answer 57

Grey

Question 58

Cannula color recommended for large volume infusion

Answer 58

Green; Grey

Question 59

Cannula color recommended for massive trauma

Answer 59

Orange

Question 60

Used to puncture the skin and vein, allowing the cannula (the soft, flexible tube) to be inserted.

Answer 60

Needle

Question 61

Part of the needle that is attached to the syringe

Answer 61

Hub

Question 62

It is the elongated part of a needle

Answer 62

Shaft

Question 63

The hollow part of the needle/opening

Answer 63

Lumen

Question 64

The sharp angulated tip of the needle

Answer 64

Bevel

Question 65

2 needle types introduced in class

Answer 65

Hypodermic
Butterfly

Question 66

Over-the-Needle Cannula

Answer 66

Peripheral Venous Catheter

Question 67

For Central Line Placement

Answer 67

Hallow-Bore Needle

Question 68

Larger and loner period of CM introduction

Answer 68

Peripheral Venous Catheter

Question 69

For cardiac catheterization; Cath sewn in place; 1” below clavicle of pt

Answer 69

Hallow-Bore Needle

Question 70

Dextrose contents may either be (1) or (2)

Answer 70

1. 5%
2. 10%

Question 71

Packaged in containers of 250mL, 500mL, and 1000mL

Answer 71

Intravenous replacement solutions