Preop and Intraop Meds

Question 1

lorazepam

Answer 1

benzodiazepine to reduce anxiety, induce sedation and amnesia.
MOA: depresses CNS by inhibiting neurotransmitter.
Adverse reaction: If given by rapid IV, can cause apnea and cardiac arrest. Decreased resps and LOC.
Pregnancy category D!

Question 2

ranitidine

Answer 2

Anti Ulcer and H2 antagonist- decreases gastric pH.
given to pre-op patient to decreases secretions and risk of aspiration.
MOA: H2R receptor blocker. Inhibits gastric secretion
AE: Assess for kidney and liver function. Avoid NSAIDS, alcohol, aspirin, smoking.

Question 3

sodium citrate

Answer 3

Antacid and decreases gastric pH
MOA: neutralizes gastric acid.Used Pre-op med to decrease secretions and risk of aspiration. 
used to decrease gastric pH.
AE:sever renal insufficiency.
Preg Category C

Question 4

nitrous oxide

Answer 4

General Anaesthetic. inhaled for the length of procedure (usually with O2) volatile gas. Is also an anesthetic adjunct for short procedures.
MOA: Suppression of pain mechanism in CNS.
AE: Can cause nausea and vomiting.

Question 5

isoflurane

Answer 5

sensory reduction. Volatile gas

Question 6

propofol

Answer 6

general anesthetic given IV only. Induction of anaesthesia care sedation during procedures, sedation in intubated, mechanically ventilated ICU patients.
sensory reduction.

Question 7

lidocaine

Answer 7

local anaesthetic for sensory reduction. given IV or IM.
MOA: Inhibits transport of ions across neuronal membranes, preventing initiation of normal nerve impulses.
AE: Hypersensitivity or third-degree heart block.
Pregnancy category B

Question 8

succinycholine

Answer 8

General anaesthetic. Is a depolarizing Neuromuscular blocker given for long surgeries. Used as an adjunct with other anaesthesia. Patient unconscious and intubated.
MOA: Depolarization of the neuromuscular junction which leads to desensitization.
AE: Potential cardiac, respiratory paralysis, renal and liver effects, severe pain from fasciculation’s, malignant hyperthermia. causes muscle stiffness