Prenatal Diagnosis, Fetal Therapy And Ultrasound Flashcards
An intrinsic abnormality programmed in development, spina bifida and omaphalocele
Malformation
When a genetically normal fetus develops abnormally because of mechanical features
Deformation
Occurs when genetically normal tissue is modified as the result of a specific result
Disruption
A cluster of several anomalies or defects that have the same cause
Syndrome
These defects has ancephaly, spina bifida, cephalocele and rare spinal cases
Open neural tube defect
What are examples of anti folate antibodies
Anti convulsants
Amount of folic acid must be taken before first trimester
4mg
Sources of AFP
fetal yolk sac
Fetal git and liver
When does the concentration fetal serum and amniotic fluid increase
13th week
When is maternal serum afp offered
Second trimester
15-20 weeks
<2-2.5 normal
What are the factors that influence Maternal serum levels
Maternal weight Gestational age Race Diabetes Multifetal gestation
Low levels of AFP ee
Obesity DM Trisonomy 21 and 18 Gestational trorphoblastic diese Overestimated gestational age
What are the 5 specific cranial anomalies
Frontal bone scalloping, lemon sign Small biparietal diameter Ventriculomegaly Obliteration or the cistern magna Elongated cerebellum, banana sign
1st trimester down syndrome screening
Maternal serum testing
Nuchal translucency
Combination
Nuchal measurement considered normal
3.5mm
