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DLB A > Prenatal development > Flashcards

Prenatal development Flashcards

1
Q

WEIRD

A

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic

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2
Q

What is development?

A
  1. Qualitative
  2. Sequential
  3. Cumulative
  4. Directional
  5. Individual
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3
Q

Mitoses

A

reguliere celdeling (23 chromosoom paren, gebeurt bij zowel kinderen als volwassenen)

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4
Q

Meiosis

A

Cheldeling van voortplantingscellen (eicel en spermacel)

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5
Q

Four developmental processes

A

Mitosis
Cell migration
Cell differentiation
Apoptisis

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6
Q

Difrentieerbare cel, net uit de placenta

A

Totipotent

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7
Q

Cell net voor specialisatie, maar niet meer placenta

A

Pluripotent

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8
Q

Gespecialiseerde cel

A

Unipotent

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9
Q

sense of pressure

A

10 weken

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10
Q

detection of movement

A

13 weken

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11
Q

detection of light

A

20 weken

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12
Q

Detection of sound

A

26 weken

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13
Q

Detection of smell and taste

A

26-28 weken

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14
Q

Head and spine movement

A

5-6 w.

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15
Q

Startle like movements

A

8-9 w., nursing

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16
Q

Limb movements

A

10 w.

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17
Q

head and breathing movements

A

10-11 w.

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18
Q

yawn, suck, swallow amnionic fluid

A

11-12 w.

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19
Q

non random movement

A

14 w.

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20
Q

movement with all parts of their face

A

20 w.

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21
Q

opening and closing eyes

A

25 w.

22
Q

Function fetal movement: Swallowing

A

Oropharyngeal cavity (mond), lungs, digestive system

23
Q

Function fetal movement: Body movements

A

Muscles, Bones, Joints and skin

24
Q

Teratogen

A

A teratogen is something that can cause birth defects or abnormalities in a developing embryo or fetus upon exposure.

25
Q

Epigenisis

A

The emergence of new structures and functions in the course of development

26
Q

Gametes

A

reproductive cells, egg and sperm, contain half genetic material

27
Q

Zygote

A

fertilized egg

28
Q

Embryonic stem cells

A

embryonic cells that can develop into any type of body cell

29
Q

Androgens

A

A class of hormones that include testosterone, leads to male genetalia

30
Q

Identical (monozygotic) twins

A

twins, split half zygote, zelfde genen

31
Q

Faternal (dizygotic) twins

A

twins, two eggs fertilized, half of genes each

32
Q

Neural tube

A

a groove formed in the top layer of differentiated cells in the embryo that eventually becomes the brain and spinal coard

33
Q

Amniotic sac

A

a transparent, fluid filled membrane that surrounds and protects the fetus

34
Q

Placenta

A

A support organ for the fetus, circulatory system between mother and child, semipermeable membrane –> exchange materials (zuurstof, nutriens, co2 en afval stoffen)

35
Q

Umbilical cord

A

A tube containing the blood vessels connecting the fetus and placenta

36
Q

Cephalocaudal development

A

Dingen rond het hoofd ontwikkelen eerder dan de rest

37
Q

Phylogenetic continuity

A

Mensen delen bepaalde karakteristieken , gedrag en developmental processes with non-human animals, especially mammals

38
Q

Habituation

A

a simple form of learning that involves a decrease in response to repeated or continued stimulation

39
Q

Dishabituation

A

The introduction of a new stimulus rekindles interest following habitation to a repeated stimulus

40
Q

sensitive period

A

the period of time during which a developing organism is most sensitive to the effects of external factors

41
Q

dose-response relation

A

The greater the fetus exposure to a potential teratogen, the more likely the fetus will suffer damage

42
Q

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

sudden, unexpected death of an infant less than 1 year old that has no identifiable cause.

43
Q

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

A

the Harmful effects of maternal alcohol consumption on a developing fetus.

44
Q

Maternal Factors

A
  • Age
  • Nutrition
  • Disease
  • Maternal emotional state
45
Q

The squeezing that fetus experience during birth serves several important functions.

A
  • Head reduces in size –> pass safely past pelvic bone
  • Withstand oxygen deprivation and regulate breathing
  • Pushing out amniotic fluid
46
Q

State

A

Level of arousal and engagement in the environment, ranging from deep sleep to intens activity

47
Q

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep

A

active sleep state characterized by quick, jerky eye movements under closed lids and associated with dreaming adults

48
Q

Non-rem sleep

A

a quiet or deep sleep state characterized by the absence of motor activity or eye movements and more regular, slow brain waves, breathing and heart rate.

49
Q

Swaddling

A

Wrapping baby in cloths, soothing technique

50
Q

Colic

A

Excessive, inconsolable crying by a young infant for no apparent reason

51
Q

Apgar score

A

Method for evaluating the health of the newborn immediately following birth based on skin tone, pulse rate, facial response, arm and leg activity, and breathing

52
Q

Developmental resilience

A

Successful development in spite of multiple and seemingly overwhelming developmental hazards

DLB A (4 decks)

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