Prenatal Care and Normal Pregnancy Flashcards
What is the normal APGAR score range?
normal = 7 to 10
When is APGAR score recorded?
one and five minutes
An infant with what apgar score warrants further evaluation and possible resuscitation?
4-6 warrents further eval + possible resuscitation
What is the first A in APGAR indicative of?
appearance
What does the P in APGAR score stand for?
Pulse
what does the G in APGAR score indicate
Grimace
what does the R in APGAR stand for
Respiration
what is the second A in APGAR stand for
Activity
what is fetal attitude
relationship of fetal parts to one another
what is fetal lie
relationship of fetal cephalocaudal axis (spinal column) to maternal cephalocaudal axis
what is fetal presentation
fetal/presenting part enters the pelvic inlet first
(breech vs cephalic)
what is frank breech position
hips flexed, knees extended, bottom presents first
what is complete breech position
hips, knees flexed, bottom presents first
what is incomplete breech position
one/both hips not completely flexed; feet present
what is shoulder breech position
transverse lie; shoulders present first
What does Monozygotic twins mean
identical twins
multiple (typically two) fetuses produced by the splitting of a single zygote
what are dizygotic twins
fraternal
multiple (typically two) fetuses produced by two zygotes
what are polyzygotic twins
multiple fetuses produced by two or more zygotes
what is a normal newborn heart rate
120-160 bpm
what is late fetal decelerations
FHR drops at the end of the contraction - ureteroplacental insufficiency
always worrisome
what is Hegar’s sign
softening of uterine isthmus
What is Goodells sign
a probable sign of pregnancy that occurs when the cervix softens during early pregnancy
what are striae gravidarum
stretch marks
what are nutritional needs during pregnancy
- additional 300kcal/day, weight gain of 24-25lbs
- 600mcg folic acid/day
- 1,000-1,300mg calcium/day supports pregnancy, lactation
- 60g protein daily supports tissue growth
- 27 mg iron/day supports increase RBCs
What is Naegele’s sign
expectant date of confinement
first day of last menstrual period + 7 days - 3 months + 1 year
What is the triple screen
AFP, HCG and estriol
what is a Quad Screen
AFP, HCG, Estriol, Inhibin A
when is Chorionic villus sampling completed
between 10-12 weeks (end of first trimester)
When is amniocentesis completed
between 15-18 weeks (beginning of the second trimerster) - especially for women over 35 in high-risk group
when is the 2hour glucose test completed
between 26-28 weeks
when is groupB strep test completed
between 35-37 weeks
what is the estimate gestational age by uterine size at 12 weeks?
pubic symphysis
what is the estimate gestational age by uterine size at 16 weeks
midway from symphysis to umbilicus
what is the estimate gestational age by uterine size at 20 weeks
at umbilicus
what is the estimate gestational age by uterine size at 20-36 weeks
height (in cm) above pubic symphysis correlates with weeks of gestation
What weeks are considered the first trimester
week 1 - week 12
what weeks are the second trimester
Week 13- week 26
what weeks are third trimester
WEek 27 to end of pregnancy
When is RhoGAM given
between 28-30 weeks gestation
mothers at 28-32 weeks gestation who have pre-gestational diabetes must undergo what type of testing and how often
stress testing - twice weekly until delivery
