prenatal and environmental influences on development Flashcards
when does the prenatal environment start?
at conception
effect of drugs on development
varied and phase dependant
effect of tobacco on development
low birth weight, respiratory difficulties in 1st and 2nd trimester
effect of alcohol on development
foetal alcohol syndrome
effect of caffiene on development
low birth weight
effect of radiation on development
deformities
effect of pollution on development
smaller gums, nails and head surface
effect of maternal conditions on development
low birth weight in 3rd trimester
effect of maternal stress on development
heart strenosis, later emotional distress
what is meant by the sensitive period
a limited time where parts of the body or behaviour develops quickly, if damage occurs, recovery is difficult or impossible
foetal alcohol syndrome
distinctive physical and facial features, caused by lack of oxygen to developing cells, associated w psych problems
how does smoking effect development?
nicotine constricts blood vessels and causes placenta to grow abnormally which reduces transfer of nutrients, displaces oxygen as hgih concerntration of carbon monoxide in bloodstream, can cause miscarrsige, asthma, cancer
sodium valporate on development
drug used to treat epilepsy, effects physical and neurocognitive features, ADHD
preterm babies
babies born 3 or more weeks before due date, can be at risk of some difficulties that cannot be overcome
low birth weight babies
less than 5 and half pounds, more serious than preterm, difficulties of academic and social maturity
effect of adverse childhood experiences on development
potentially traumatic events pre 18 e.g. violence, abuse can effect health, behaviour and life potential
preventing adverse childhood experiences
strengthen economic support, promote social norms, teach skills, connect to caring adults, intervene to lessen longterm effects
extreme deprivation on brain growth
lack of stimulants and nutrients lead to impaired physical and psych growth, difficult to establish cause
GENIE case study
13y w no one to talk to and limited movements, could not walk, talk and underweight, learned to walk and engage in basic speach
