prenatal and environmental influences on development

Question 1

when does the prenatal environment start?

Answer 1

at conception

Question 2

effect of drugs on development

Answer 2

varied and phase dependant

Question 3

effect of tobacco on development

Answer 3

low birth weight, respiratory difficulties in 1st and 2nd trimester

Question 4

effect of alcohol on development

Answer 4

foetal alcohol syndrome

Question 5

effect of caffiene on development

Answer 5

low birth weight

Question 6

effect of radiation on development

Answer 6

deformities

Question 7

effect of pollution on development

Answer 7

smaller gums, nails and head surface

Question 8

effect of maternal conditions on development

Answer 8

low birth weight in 3rd trimester

Question 9

effect of maternal stress on development

Answer 9

heart strenosis, later emotional distress

Question 10

what is meant by the sensitive period

Answer 10

a limited time where parts of the body or behaviour develops quickly, if damage occurs, recovery is difficult or impossible

Question 11

foetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 11

distinctive physical and facial features, caused by lack of oxygen to developing cells, associated w psych problems

Question 12

how does smoking effect development?

Answer 12

nicotine constricts blood vessels and causes placenta to grow abnormally which reduces transfer of nutrients, displaces oxygen as hgih concerntration of carbon monoxide in bloodstream, can cause miscarrsige, asthma, cancer

Question 13

sodium valporate on development

Answer 13

drug used to treat epilepsy, effects physical and neurocognitive features, ADHD

Question 14

preterm babies

Answer 14

babies born 3 or more weeks before due date, can be at risk of some difficulties that cannot be overcome

Question 15

low birth weight babies

Answer 15

less than 5 and half pounds, more serious than preterm, difficulties of academic and social maturity

Question 16

effect of adverse childhood experiences on development

Answer 16

potentially traumatic events pre 18 e.g. violence, abuse can effect health, behaviour and life potential

Question 17

preventing adverse childhood experiences

Answer 17

strengthen economic support, promote social norms, teach skills, connect to caring adults, intervene to lessen longterm effects

Question 18

extreme deprivation on brain growth

Answer 18

lack of stimulants and nutrients lead to impaired physical and psych growth, difficult to establish cause

Question 19

GENIE case study

Answer 19

13y w no one to talk to and limited movements, could not walk, talk and underweight, learned to walk and engage in basic speach