Preliminary Info Flashcards
Image receptor
Device that receives the energy of the x-ray beam and forms the image of the body part
Solid-state digital detector (DR)
Uses flat-panel IR to convert x-ray energy into a digital signal
Photostimulable storage phosphor image plate
Device used for computed radiography similar to conventional intensifying screen
Fluoroscopic IR
Designed for real time imaging to guide procedures or capture full motion video
Cassette with film
Imprint on film and viewed with illuminator or view box
Grids and lead shields
Reduce scattered radiation to the IR
Compensating filters
Designed to compensate for significantly varied tissue thickness and density the within body part
Source to image receptor distance (SID)
Distance from an focal spot inside the x-ray tube to the IR
Synarthrosis
Immovable
amphiarthrosis
Slightly movable
Diarthrosis
Freely movable
Synovial joints
Complex joints, like hinge, pivot, gliding, ellipsoid, saddle, and ball and socket
Sagittal plane
Divides body into left and right
Coronal plane
Divide body into anterior and posterior
Horizontal plane
Divide body into superior and inferior
projection
Path of the central Ray as it exits x-ray tube and goes through patient to IR
Axial projection
Tube angle
Tangential
Skims surface
Lateral projection
Enters one side of the body transversely, then exits opposite side
True projection
Exact positioning
Oblique projection
Enters at an angle
Position has two meanings. What are they?
- Identify patient posture or general body position
- Refers to specific placement of body part in relation to radiation table or IR
Recumbent
Lying down in any position
Supine
Lying on back
Prone
Lying face down
Trendelenburg
Supine with head tilted downward
Fowler
Supine position with head higher than feet
Sims
Recumbent with patient lying on left anterior side (semi-prone) with left leg extended, and right knee and thigh partially flexed
Lithotomy
The gyno position
Decubitus
Lying on side
View
Describe body part as seen by IR (opposite position)
Method
Describes specific radiographic projection the individual develops
Sthenic
50% of the population
Heart is moderately transverse
Stomach high, upper left
Moderately heavy build
Hyposthenic
35% of the population
Ordinary/average
Most difficult to classify
Asthenic
10% of the population
Heart nearly vertical and at midline
Lungs long, may be broader above base
Stomach, low, and medial and pelvis when standing
Frail build
Wide pelvis
Hypersthenic
5% of the population
Diaphragm high
Colon around periphery of abdomen
Gallbladder high
Football player build
Narrow build
Gliding joints
Uniaxial movement, simplest synovial, joint flattened or slightly curved surfaces
(Example: wrist and foot)
Hinge joint
Uniaq seal movement permits, only flexion and extension like a door
(Example: elbow, knee, ankle)
Pivot joint
Uniaxial movement only rotation around single axis
(Example: axis of cervical spine)
Ellipsoid joint
Biaxial movement
(example: radio carpool joints of wrist)
Saddle joint
Biaxial movement
(example: only thumb)
Ball and socket
Multi axial movement
(example: hip and shoulder)
Caudad
Parts away from head
Cephalad
Parts toward the head
Cephalad
Parts toward the head
