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Positioning > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

AP toes

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: lengthwise
-Central Ray: perpendicular through third MTP joint
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire toes, including distal, ends of metatarsals
-Positioning Notes: seated or supine on table

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2
Q

AP axial toes

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: lengthwise
-Central Ray: perpendicular through third MTP joint; direct central ray 15° posteriorly
-Tube Angle: 15°
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire toes, including distal, ends of the metatarsals
-Positioning Notes: patient seated or supine on table

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3
Q

AP oblique toes

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: link wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular, and entering third MTP joint
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire toes, including distal, ends of metatarsals
-Positioning Notes: foot forms 30° – 45° angle

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4
Q

Lateral toes (great toe and second toe)

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: lengthwise
-Central Ray: perpendicular entering IP joint of great toe
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire toe without sober imposition of adjacent toes
-Positioning Notes: patient toe in true lateral; use tape if necessary

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5
Q

Lateral toe(third, fourth, and fifth toes)

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular entering proximal IP joint of the lesser toes
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire toe without super imposition of adjacent toes
-Positioning Notes: patient on affected side

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6
Q

What is the name for tangential sesamoid of toes?

A

Lewis and Holly method

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7
Q

Lewis and Holly method

A

Why: to see sesamoid bones

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8
Q

AP Foot

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular entering base of third metatarsal
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
-Positioning Notes: patient seated or supine

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9
Q

AP axial foot

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: 10° toward heel entering the base of third metatarsal
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: toes to tarsals
-Positioning Notes: patient seated or supine

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10
Q

AP oblique foot with medial rotation

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular to base of third metatarsal
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: cuboid shown in profile, include ankle
-Positioning Notes: patient seated or supine; foot rotated 30° medially

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11
Q

AP oblique foot with medial rotation

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular to base of third metatarsal
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: cuboid shown in profile, include ankle
-Positioning Notes: patient seated or supine; foot rotated 30° medially

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12
Q

AP oblique foot with lateral rotation

A

Why: to see the navicular better

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13
Q

Lateral foot with mediolateral rotation

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular to base of third metatarsal
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire foot and profile ankle joints, and distal ends of tib fib
-Positioning Notes: Dorsiflex foot; don’t over rotate not fully on side always

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14
Q

AP axial feet (weight-bearing method)

A

Why: weight-bearing

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15
Q

Axial calcaneus

A

Why: want to get calcaneus and talocalcaneus joint spaces open

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16
Q

Weight-bearing coalition (Harris-Beath method)

A

Patient standing with with central ray at 45° angle

17
Q

AP ankle

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular through ankle joint at point midway between malleoli
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: distal ends of tib fib and proximal portion of talus
-Positioning Notes: patient supine or seated; no lazy foot or ankle

18
Q

Lateral ankle with mediolateral rotation

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular to ankle joint entering medial malleolus
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: ankle joint, lower third of tib fib, base of fifth metatarsal
-Positioning Notes: patient supine, turning toward affected side until ankle is lateral

19
Q

What is the name of the fracture of the fifth metatarsal?

A

Jones fracture

20
Q

And what projection is the Jones fracture most visible?

A

Lateral ankle with mediolateral rotation

21
Q

AP oblique ankle with medial rotation

A

Why: to see open joint spaces

22
Q

What is being seen on an AP oblique ankle with medial rotation?

A

Mortise joint

23
Q

AP oblique ankle with medial rotation

A

-SID: 40”
-IR orientation: length wise
-Central Ray: perpendicular entering ankle joint midway between malleloi
-IR size: 10 X 12
-Key Anatomy: entire ankle Mortise joint in profile, include heal, and lower third of tib fib
-Positioning Notes: patient’s foot immediately rotated 15° to 20° (not a severe rotation)

24
Q

AP ankle (stress method)

A

Most common for radiologist to apply force

25
Q

AP leg

A

-SID: 48”
-IR orientation: lengthwise or diagonal
-Central Ray: perpendicular to center of leg
-IR size: 14 X 17
-Key Anatomy: tibia, fibula and adjacent joints
-Positioning Notes: adjust leg so femoral condyles are parallel with IR

26
Q

Lateral leg with mediolateral rotation

A

-SID: 48”
-IR orientation: lengthwise or diagonal
-Central Ray: perpendicular to midpoint of leg
-IR size: 14 X 17
-Key Anatomy: the knee to ankle
-Positioning Notes: patient in supine position

Positioning (6 decks)

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